[Cao Cao said: Choose convenience. 〕
Sun Tzu said: Wherever the army is against each other: the mountain and the valley
〔Cao Cao said: Being close to water plants is convenient. 〕
Depending on the height of birth,
〔Cao Cao said: Those who live are also Yang. 〕
Untitled:
[Cao Cao said: There is no welcoming high. 〕
Here is the army of the mountain. If the enemy has no water, it will be far away;
[Cao Cao said: Lead the enemy to cross. 〕
If the guest comes without water, don't welcome it in the flood, it will be profitable to make a half-crossing to hit it.
〔Cao Cao said: Half a crossing, it is impossible to merge, so it can be defeated. 〕
Want to fight, welcome guests without water;
[Cao Cao said: Attached, near. 〕
Depending on the height of birth,
〔Cao Cao said: The water should be high, the water forwards and the rear should be high. 〕No water flow:
[Cao Cao said: I am afraid of it too. 〕
Here is also the army on the water. Definitely scold Ze, but go as soon as possible without leaving; in the midst of the army scolding Ze, the trees are backed by the plants:
[Cao Cao said: I have to meet the enemy in the chaos. 〕
Here also scold Ze's army. Easy for land and land,
[Cao Cao said: The benefits of riding a bike. 〕
And the right back is high, before death and after life:
[Cao Cao said: It's also a war. 〕
Here is also the army on land. Wherever the Four Armies benefited, the Yellow Emperor defeated the Four Emperors.
[Cao Cao said: The Yellow Emperor was first established, and the four princes were also called emperors, so that the four places won the victory. 〕Fanjun is so high and evil, Guiyang but low Yin. Keeping good health, [Cao Cao said: Relying on Manshi. To keep in good health, we can graze and raise livestock. In fact, it is still high. 〕〔One said: Relying on Shiman, grazing on water plants. ] It means that we must win, and the army has no problems.
The embankment of the mausoleum is in the sun, and the right is back: the benefit of this soldier, the help of the land. When it rains, the water flows to it; it stops and waits for it to be determined.
[Cao Cao said: I am afraid that the water will rise sharply when the river is half-crossing. 〕
Absolute encounters: Patio, sky prison, sky, sky trap, sky gap, you must go to it urgently, don't get close.
〔Cao Cao said: The mountains and deep waters are the absolute streams, the squares are high and the central ones are the patios, those in the deep mountains that are trapped in cages are the sky prisons, those who can be extremely humans are Tianluo, and the terrain is trapped by the sky. The narrow and deep ones are the sky gaps. 〕If I am far away, the enemy is near; I welcome it, and the enemy is back.
〔Cao Cao said: We always use soldiers to keep away the six evils, and if the enemy is close, we will benefit the enemy and the evil. 〕There are dangers, recklessness, Jiawei, Xiaolin, and Yishu beside the army, and those who can hide, I would like to ask for it, and the place where the evildoer is.
〔Cao Cao said: Those who are in danger, one is high and one is low; those who are obstructive, there is too much water. Lakers, pools; wells, go down. Jia Wei (Jia Jia) is where all the grass gathers; the forest is where all the trees live. Wherever you can block it. The terrain is discussed above, and the rivalry is also discussed below. 〕If the enemy is close and quiet, he is in danger; if the enemy is far away and challenged, those who want to advance, the one who lives in is easy to profit.
[Cao Cao said: Wherever you live is also profitable. 〕
Those who move the trees, come too;
〔Cao Cao said: Cutting down trees is nothing but roads. 〕
Those who are overwhelmed by the grass are suspicious.
〔Cao Cao said: The knot of grass is a barrier, and I want to make me suspicious. 〕
The bird rises, but also;
〔Cao Cao said: The bird rises up, and there are ambushes below it. 〕
The beast hacker, overthrow it.
[Cao Cao said: Enemy Guang Chen Zhang Yi, come to cover me too. 〕
Those who are high in dust and sharp, the car will come; those who are humble and broad, come only in vain; those who are scattered and well-organized are also woodcutters; those who have few contacts are also camp soldiers. Those who are inferior and prepared for the benefit will enter; [Cao Cao said: The enlightenment will be inferior, and the enemy will be more prepared. ] Those who resign and advance will retreat.
[Cao Cao said: It's also deceitful. 〕
If the light vehicle is on the side first, the array will also;
[Cao Cao said: Chen Bing wants to fight. 〕
Those who ask for peace without an appointment will also seek.
Those who run in the army, expect it;
Half-advanced, lure too.
Those who stand on the rod are hungry;
Those who drink first are thirsty;
Those who see profit but don’t make progress, work hard;
[Cao Cao said: Soldiers and soldiers are also tired. 〕
Those who gather birds are imaginary.
Night callers, fear also;
〔Cao Cao said: Sergeant shouts at night, will not be brave. 〕
Military harassers will not be heavy;
Those who move by the flag are in chaos; those who are angry are tired. Those who kill horses and meat-eaters will have no food in the army; those who do not want to go back to their houses will be the poor.
If you are a wise man, those who are Xu Yanren will lose all of them;
〔Cao Cao said: Faithful, language appearance; Jiji, disorganized appearance. 〕
Those who count prizes are embarrassed;
Those who are fined are sleepy.
Those who are violent first and then fear others are not as good as they are.
〔Cao Cao said: If you underestimate the enemy first, and then hear the crowd, you will be disgusted. ] Those who come to thank you want to rest.
Soldiers are angry and close together, and they don't go together for a long time, and they must be careful.
〔Cao Cao said: Bei Qi Fu also. 〕
Bing Fei Duo Yi,
[Cao Cao said: Power is also available. Yiyun: The cost of a soldier is more expensive. 〕
Without Wujin,
〔Cao Cao said: Even if you haven't seen it. 〕
It is enough to work together, anticipate the enemy, and take people.
〔Cao Cao said: Keep your feet together. 〕
Only the husband who is careless and easy to attack the enemy will be captured.
If you punished a pawn without a special parent, you would refuse to accept it, and it would be difficult to use it. If you did not accept a pawn, you would not be able to use it.
[Cao Cao said: Enxin has been negotiated. If there is no penalty, it will be difficult to use arrogance. 〕So the combination of text, Qi of martial arts, [Cao Cao said: Wen, benevolence; Wu, law. 〕
It is said to be taken. If you teach the people, you will persuade the people; if you don’t do it, you will not accept the people. Let those who are so prosperous, get along with others.
[Translation]
Sun Tzu said: When an army marches, it is necessary not only to observe and judge the enemy's situation, to understand the reality of the enemy, but also to observe the terrain so that it can occupy a favorable position at any time. If you are marching in the mountains, try to get as close as possible to the place where there is water by the river; when the army is to be stationed and rest, you must choose a "birth place" that is high and sunny; if the enemy occupies a favorable terrain and is condescending, you must not climb up and attack. The above are the principles that must be followed when marching in the mountains. If you want to cross the river, you must be swift when crossing the river. After crossing the river, you must leave the river bank quickly to prevent fighting against the water; if the enemy crosses the river to attack our army, you must wait for the enemy to move the ferry in the middle of the river. It’s better for us to launch an attack at a time. If we are determined to fight the enemy, we can’t fight them close to the river, because if deployed like this, they will lend the enemy a hundred courage and they will not dare to cross. Jiang; When we are stationed in the river area, we must be stationed in the mountains as well. We must choose a "birth place" that is high and sunny. If we set up a camp by the river and place the camp downstream of the enemy, it would be a crime. The military strategist's taboo. The above is the principle of marching and fighting in the river zone. If the marching route passes through the saline marsh area and there is no other way to bypass it, you must speed up the march when passing through the saline marsh area, pass this area quickly, and do not make any stops; if unfortunately in the saline marsh area Don’t panic if you encounter the enemy in the swamp area. Choose a place with water plants or woods. The above are the principles of marching operations that must be observed in the saline marshes. If you want to station your army in a plain area, you must choose a flat place to camp. It is best to camp with your back against a high place to form a low camp before the camp and high after the camp. The above are the principles that must be observed in marching operations in the plains. The above are the principles and benefits of fighting in the four terrain environments of mountains, waters, mountains, and plains. This is also an important reason why the Yellow Emperor was able to defeat the "Four Emperors" to unify the Central Plains.
When it comes to garrisons, the commanders always like to station in high and flat places with dangerous terrain. It is expensive for the camp gate to face the southeast where the sun is overflowing, and the northwest, where the yin converges, is the cheap. According to certain scientific basis, camping in a high and sunny place can facilitate the lives of soldiers, and stationing in a sunny place can also reduce the occurrence of various diseases. Only when soldiers get sick less can the combat effectiveness of the army be guaranteed. Only a fighting force can win the war. If you want to garrison troops on hills or dams, the sun is also an important principle for camping, and the best policy is to garrison against the hills or places with your back. The advantage of such a garrison is that if the enemy comes to attack, it can take advantage of the terrain. If there is a torrential rain in the upper reaches of the river when crossing the river, you must temporarily abandon the plan to cross the river and wait until the water conditions stabilize before crossing the river, so as not to encounter a flood peak when crossing the river and cause heavy losses. If you encounter terrain such as "Jiejian", "Tianjing", "Tianjao", "Tianluo", "Tianjin", and "Tianjin" during the march, you must stay away from them immediately. For such a land of six evils, our army must stay away from it or face it, forcing the enemy to approach it and lean against it.
If the army passes, the road is full of difficult and dangerous places, low-lying land, or both sides of the road are densely covered with trees and reeds, with lush vegetation covering the sky, you must slow down the marching speed and search forward carefully, because these places are all A good place to fight an ambush. If the enemy is stationed very close to our army, but still closes the camp door and does not attack, it is because the enemy is guilty and intends to stand firm by virtue of its geographical position; if the enemy is stationed far away from me and repeatedly provokes, then they must have done so. Hold, try to lure our army out of the camp, and then encircle and annihilate it. If you see a lot of trees swaying and birds flying around the enemy, it is the enemy's tactic of sneaking through the warehouse, cutting wood to clear the way to attack our army; setting up many barriers in the overgrown area is the enemy's trick to confuse us; If the birds flew in the woods suddenly, there must be ambushes in the woods; if even the beasts were running around, then the enemy must be attacking on a large scale. If the dust rises straight and high, it means that the enemy's tanks are rushing towards our army; if the dust rises very low but spreads widely, it means that it is the enemy's infantry; if the raised dust is scattered And slender, it means that the enemy is cutting wood and mowing; if the amount of dust raised is sparse but constantly rising, it means that the enemy is observing the surrounding terrain and preparing to build a fortress. If the enemy’s messenger negotiates with our side, although their words are humble, but they step up their preparations in the barracks, the enemy will definitely attack our army; if the enemy’s messengers talk aggressively, their troops will also press hard on our barracks. , It means that the enemy is already timid, and all this is a precursor to their preparation to retreat; if the enemy deploys a car with driving performance on the wing and prepares to go out first, it means that the enemy is lining up and preparing to go to war with our army; if If the enemy suddenly makes a request for peace without communicating with us in advance, it is bound to be fraudulent; if the enemy rushes along with the soldiers, it is rectifying the soldiers intending to fight with our army; if the enemy hesitates When you advance and retreat, it is possible to pretend to be chaotic and lure our army to attack.
If on the battlefield, the enemy's soldiers stand leaning on the weapon in their hands, it means that the enemy is short of food and the soldiers are suffering from hunger; if the enemy soldiers rush to drink water when they draw water from the well, it means that the enemy is short of water; If the enemy does not advance after seeing the benefits, it means that the enemy is a tired division. If flying birds are found in the enemy’s barracks, it means that the enemy has already retreated and the entire barracks are empty; if the enemy’s soldiers exclaim in the barracks at night, it means that the enemy’s troops are already distraught; if the enemy’s camp is noisy. If there is no order, it means that the enemy’s generals are incompetent and unable to restrain the soldiers; if the banner of the enemy’s barracks wavers, it means that the enemy’s formation has been chaotic; if the enemy officials become irritable and irritable, it means the enemy’s morale. It has been dispersed and can no longer effectively exercise state power. If the enemy is found slaughtering cattle or war horses for food, it means that the enemy’s army has been running out of food for a long time; if the enemy does not flee with cooking utensils, it means that this is a group of "poor bandits" and should not be chased; if the enemy soldiers are often low in the barracks Talking about expressing strong dissatisfaction means that the enemy’s generals and soldiers are unpopular; if the enemy rewards the soldiers again and again, it means that the enemy has reached the end of the road and is unable to return to heaven; if the enemy frequently punished the soldiers heavily, then It means that the enemy’s manpower support is about to dry up; if the enemy’s officers first be cruel and cruel to the soldiers, and then start to fear the soldiers, it means that the enemy’s officers are too stupid and have lost their prestige among the soldiers; if the enemy sends envoys Sending a message with a generous gift means that the enemy really intends to cease the war. If the enemy comes to fight our army aggressively, but closes the door tightly not to engage with our army, and leaves inexplicably after a period of time, our army must be cautious and carefully observe the enemy's intentions.
Fighting is not about more soldiers. As long as you are careful and don't advance aggressively, as long as the soldiers are united, they will be able to defeat the enemy even if they have less force than the enemy. Once you understand the reality of the enemy, you will be able to defeat the enemy. Those who are not foresight and underestimate the enemy are the easiest to act rashly, and the end is the corpse wilderness except for being captured by the enemy. If the general punishes the soldiers at will when they have not sincerely returned to them, it will surely make these soldiers renounce their virtues. How can those who renounce their virtues be used? If the soldiers have sincerely attached themselves to the generals, if the military discipline and military laws are not strictly enforced, then such an army cannot be used either. Therefore, it is necessary to use grace to issue government orders, and to use military discipline and military law to strictly enforce military discipline. Only such an army can fight when it comes and win when it comes to war. The soldiers can only obey the various orders in peacetime; if the orders cannot be effectively carried out during the weekdays, how can the soldiers obey them in the wartime? The reason why the daily orders can be effectively implemented is that the generals and soldiers trust each other.