Particles refer to the smallest components of matter that can exist in a free state. This also includes energy and light.
Light is both a high-frequency electromagnetic wave and a particle flow composed of elementary particles called light particles. Therefore, light has both particle and wave properties, or it can be said that light has "wave-particle duality". Light particles, originally called light quanta, are basic particles that transmit electromagnetic interactions and are a kind of gauge boson. Light particles are the carriers of electromagnetic radiation, and in quantum field theory light particles are considered to be mediators of electromagnetic interactions. Compared to most elementary particles (such as electrons and quarks), light particles have zero rest mass, which means they travel in a vacuum at the speed of light. Like other quanta, light particles have wave-particle duality: light particles can show the refraction, interference, diffraction and other properties of classical waves; while the particle nature of light particles does not behave like classical waves when interacting with matter. Any value of energy can be transferred, and light particles can only transfer quantized energy.
Atoms of matter have some discrete, discontinuous energy states (stationary states). Among them, the ground state has the lowest energy and is the most stable. For some reason, atoms in a higher energy state (called excited state) are unstable and will become unstable when slightly disturbed. Returning to the ground state, this process is called a transition, and the excess energy is converted into light particles and released. This is the atomic light-emitting mechanism.
Light particles can also be produced during collisions of elementary particles.
Light particles are matter, have mass, momentum, and energy. They can collide with other particles and also follow the conservation of momentum and energy.
Light quantum, referred to as photon, is the basic particle that transmits electromagnetic interaction and is a kind of gauge boson. Photons are the carriers of electromagnetic radiation, and in quantum field theory photons are considered to be the mediators of electromagnetic interactions. The rest mass of a photon is zero. Photons move at the speed of light and have energy, momentum, and mass.
Energy is generated from this, whether it is the natural energy in the above-ground world or the red light in the underground world, it is the energy generated by the collision and movement of light quantum, which is the root of all energy.
Photon is the basic particle that transmits electromagnetic interaction and is a gauge boson. Photons are the carriers of electromagnetic radiation, and in quantum field theory photons are considered to be the mediators of electromagnetic interactions. Compared to most elementary particles, a photon has zero rest mass, which means it travels at the speed of light in a vacuum. Like other quanta, photons have wave-particle duality: photons can show the refraction, interference, diffraction and other properties of classical waves; while the particle nature of photons is that when interacting with matter, they cannot transmit any information like classical particles. Photons can only transfer quantized energy, which are lattice particles and the mass-energy phase state of circle quantum particles.
After the establishment of quantum electrodynamics, it was confirmed that photons are the media particles that transmit electromagnetic interactions. Charged particles interact by emitting or absorbing photons. Pairs of positive and negative charged particles can be annihilated and converted into photons. They can also be generated in electromagnetic fields.
Photons are energy-carrying particles in light. The energy of a photon is proportional to the frequency of the light wave. The higher the frequency, the higher the energy. When a photon is absorbed by an atom, an electron gains enough energy to jump from the inner orbit to the outer orbit, and the atom with the electronic transition changes from the ground state to the excited state.
The annihilation process of a particle and its antiparticle must produce at least two photons. The reason is that the total momentum of the system composed of particles and their antiparticles in the center of mass system is zero. Due to the law of conservation of energy, the total momentum of the photons generated must also be zero; since a single photon always has a non-zero momentum of magnitude, the system Only two or more photons can be produced to satisfy that the total momentum is zero. The frequency at which photons are produced, i.e. their energy, is determined by the law of energy-momentum conservation (conservation of momentum in four dimensions). From the conservation of energy and momentum, we know that the reverse process of annihilation of particles and antiparticles, that is, the process of generating electron-antielectron pairs from two photons, cannot occur spontaneously in a vacuum.
The so-called measurement of photon structure, in quantum electrodynamics, refers to the observation of quantum fluctuations in the photon field. This energy fluctuation is described by the structural equation of a photon. Measurements of photonic structures generally rely on the observation of deep nonlinear scattering when photons collide with electrons, as well as electrons and positrons. According to quantum chromodynamics, photons can participate in interactions as sizeless particles, namely leptons, or as a collection of quarks and gluons, known as hadrons. What determines the structure of photons is not the traditional distribution of valence quarks like protons, but the collection of partons formed by the fluctuations of leptons.
Since photons contribute to the energy-momentum tensor, they also produce a gravitational field according to general relativity. In turn, the photons themselves are affected by the gravitational field, bending their paths in curved spacetime, which is used as gravitational lensing in astrophysics. The frequency of photons moving in a strong gravitational field will undergo a gravitational red shift. These effects are not limited to photons, but also apply to classical electromagnetic waves.
Lin Feng entered the supermarket after the three of them returned to the house. Because the food brought back by Dong Wu and Lin Xiaobao was a bit unpalatable, Lin Feng thought of finding some food in the supermarket to improve the food. In addition, Lin Feng also wanted to find some information.
The information about the particle waves released from the deep pit outside the room has been found in the book warehouse in the supermarket. In fact, Lin Feng does not need to bother at all. The science of the end of the world is much more advanced than the original world. He can know all the information by just sending a message to Manager Qian. However, Lin Feng felt that there were always differences between the sciences of the two worlds, and it was better to use the science of the original world as the basis.
After knowing that the essence of energy is actually the vibration generated by particles, Lin Feng knew that the particle waves emitted from the deep pit outside the room were actually a kind of energy. Lin Feng knew that he could continue to increase his strength. Whether the energy of the above-ground world is the energy of the underground world, or the new energy discovered in the deep pit, these are all valuable resources for Lin Feng to enhance his strength.
Coupled with Lin Feng's unique chaotic soul, no matter what kind of energy it is, it will be converted into energy that matches its own nature. With this, Lin Feng will definitely become the most powerful practitioner in the end of the world.
In the supermarket, Lin Feng's fighting spirit was rekindled. Now Lin Feng is full of confidence. As long as his energy is restored, the secrets of the underground world and the secrets of the above world will be unlocked by Lin Feng.
"Watch my performance next!"
(End of chapter)