On February 21, 1850, under the diplomatic pressure of Britain, France and Russia, the Prussian government and the Kingdom of Denmark signed the Treaty of Purdan Berlin in Berlin.
The Prussian government recognized the sovereignty of the Kingdom of Denmark over the duchies of Schleswig-Holstein, and the Prussian War officially ended.
Before the treaty was signed, under strong pressure from the Russians, the Prussian army had actually withdrawn from the Kingdom of Denmark, including the duchy of Schleswig-Holstein.
After the treaty was signed, the German Federal delegation left the venue angrily, refusing to recognize the sovereignty of the Kingdom of Denmark over the Duchy of Schleswig-Holstein.
The Prussian government was tricked. This time they were tricked not only by the German states, but also by the Russians. Obviously, Nicholas I was using practical actions to warn the Prussians to be honest.
During the negotiation, the German Federal delegation also supported Prussia at the beginning, and had a fierce quarrel with the Russian representative. With the same attitude of Britain, France and Russia, the delegation soon persuaded and recognized the mediation of Britain, France and Russia.
It was a good idea for everyone to sign the treaty together. As a result, after the Prussian government signed the treaty, the federal delegation ran away immediately and put all the responsibilities on the Prussian government.
That's right, it just slipped away. The so-called anger leaving the venue was all told to the people. Anyway, the federal delegation did not sign the treaty, so you can say whatever you want.
The Prussians thought that Britain, France and Russia would force the German Confederation to sign a treaty to settle the Schleswig-Holstein issue once and for all. As a result, the Russian representative left with satisfaction.
Without the Russians, Britain and France would naturally be too lazy to care.
Anyway, in the German Confederation, only Prussia and the duchies of Schleswig-Holstein bordered. No matter how loudly the slogans were shouted, the other states could only shoot empty guns.
On this issue, the attitude of the German Confederation does not matter. Even this international organization is not actually a country. The diplomatic rights of all states are free, and they themselves do not have the right to sign diplomatic treaties for everyone.
Affected by the Treaty of Purdan-Berlin, the prestige of the Kingdom of Prussia in the German region was greatly damaged, and it was unable to compete with Austria for leadership in the German region.
At this time, outside the Prussian embassies of various countries in the German region, people were crowded with people seeking donations, holding up debt collection signs in protest and demonstrations, and rocks flew in from time to time.
The public opinion campaign was successful. When the donation was raised, the newspapers published the strong statement of the Prussian government. Some of them are true, and most of them are made up by editors.
None of this matters, the people think it's true anyway. It was promised to fight the Russians to the end, but as a result, the battle was fought, and the people who thought they had been deceived were venting their anger in this way.
The money is definitely not coming back. The Prussian government is poor, and even if they are scolded ten times harder, they still can't get the money.
In the end, the governments of various countries had to send troops to defend the Prussian embassies and provide them with living security. In the case of everyone shouting and beating, the Prussian embassy staff did not dare to go out to buy vegetables.
After the pit of Prussia, the friendly relations between Austria and the German states also began to turn cold.
The German states headed by Bavaria do not want to see the unification of the German region. They are trying to play a balance between the two states.
These states were close to Austria, and in addition to their religious and political influence, they also had a relationship with the kingdom of Prussia.
The Kingdom of Prussia was originally a small state, and it grew to become the second largest state in the German region. Naturally, it must expand all the way.
In just a few decades, the territorial area of the Kingdom of Prussia has tripled, and the black history of territorial expansion is naturally indispensable, which has aroused everyone's vigilance.
The foreign policy of the Metternich era is still valuable, at least to make the German states think that Austria has no ambition to unify the German region, ignoring that Austria's national policy has changed.
At the Frankfurt meeting not long ago, the evidence of the participation of the Prussian government was revealed by Austria again, which made everyone sick, and the Austrian government raised its arms and gathered.
Now that the Kingdom of Prussia has been suppressed, the position of the Kingdom of Bavaria has changed again. They do not want to see the power imbalance of Puo and Austria, and a situation of dominance emerges.
The normal combination is that the second child unites with the third child against the boss. Austria can unite the third child to suppress the second child, which is already a great victory in diplomacy.
Now back on track, the Bavarian government's diplomatic attitude has shifted again.
Affected by the revolution of 1848, King Ludwig I of Bavaria was forced to abdicate. Before his abdication, Ludwig I issued a statement on March 6, promising the Bavarian government's commitment to the cause of German freedom and unity.
This planted a political bomb for his son Maximilian I, heir to the throne.
There is no way. Compared with the unification of Germany in Prussia, the national unification faction in Bavaria hopes that Austria, whose religious belief is the same as them, can unify the German region.
Historically, Maximi stood on the opposite side of the people because he supported the constitution of the Frankfurt Conference and advocated the exclusion of Austria from the German region. In order to stabilize the rule, in 1851 it turned pro-Austria.
No matter who it is inclined to, the Bavarian government's highest pursuit or the establishment of Oppa's three giants side-by-side model, it is obvious that the strength of the Bavarian Kingdom is too far from Puo's to do this.
The Kingdom of Bavaria is moving closer to Prussia, which is what the Austrian Westerners would like to see. The impact on allies is too bad, and the Austrian government is also embarrassed.
If they can't be ruthless, even if Austria unifies the South German region, these states will still exist independently, which will affect the centralization of Austria.
These states are mainly Bavaria, and other small states are weak and weak. Without this big brother who takes the lead, they would not dare to cause trouble to the central government.
The appearance of Maximilian I, a dead pro-Prussian king, undoubtedly provided the Austrian government with an opportunity to annex the Kingdom of Bavaria.
Now we have to see his performance, can we create an excuse for Austria to justly abolish the Bavarian royal family.
In the Austrian Prime Minister's Office, Felix said solemnly: "Austria's alliance with Bavaria has become an obstacle to our unification of the German region.
It is imperative to rescind this covenant, but Austria cannot betray the alliance, and it is better for the Bavarian government to do so on its own initiative. The time to rescind this covenant must also be chosen well, either early or late. "
This degree is difficult to grasp. If the alliance relationship is terminated early because of geopolitical relations, then Austria's influence in the German Confederation will be greatly affected, and the Holy Roman Alliance may also be affected.
If the unification war was launched in Austria, the two sides still maintained an allied relationship. Maybe Maximilian I directly announced the change of the kingdom of Bavaria.
Anyone in Bavaria can be the leading party, but the king cannot be the leading party. The cost of this is too high.
If this happened, the Austrian government would cry.
With reference to the historical German Empire, the Kingdom of Bavaria retains independent political rights and can also recruit troops on its own.
Pulling several other states, the Federal Parliament, the highest authority of the German Empire, also has the right to veto the unfavorable clauses for them.
Metternich frowned and said: "There will always be excuses. The question is will our plan succeed? If the game collapses, the good situation of the Austrian Empire will be gone."
He doesn't like taking risks, and he doesn't agree with the Russian-Austrian Treaty. But his arm can't bend his thigh, and in the current Austrian government, he is no longer a man of words.
Felix thought for a while and said, "Mr. Metternich, the risk of Austria's unification of the South German region is not military.
If we send troops under the banner of reunification of Germany, it is very likely that the armies of these states will defect, and most of them support the reunification of Germany.
The enemy's soldiers are unwilling to fight, and the possibility of our military defeat is almost zero.
The real risk comes from diplomacy, where you have the most say.
The Russian-Austrian secret pact has been signed, and the Russians will be on our side as long as there is no accident.
The British are out of reach, the danger comes from two directions, France to the west and Prussia to the north, as long as we can get one of them, we will be victorious.
If the Austrian government can make concessions elsewhere, do you think it will be possible to persuade the French to support us
They don't need their support, just let the French government acquiesce.
Even let the French government sway and delay their decision-making time, we can unite the Russians to subdue Prussia! "
Metternich was lost in thought, easier said than done. There are many factors that affect the outcome of diplomacy, which must be considered carefully, especially if it involves the fate of the country.
After thinking about it, Metternich frowned and said: "Heavy bleeding in the Italian region, promising to cede all the territory west of the Rhine, in exchange for the chances of the French supporting us with three layers, and the possibility of neutrality with six layers.
As for delaying the decision-making time of the French government, if it is the current French government, even if it does nothing, they will still argue for several months. "
In his opinion, Felix is insane. Is it good to be neighbors with the French
In the future, a large amount of Austria's defense budget will be spent on guarding against the French, which is why the Russians allowed Austria to annex South Germany.
Moreover, the so-called strategic forecasts are not reliable at all. Who knows when the French government will change it again
Chancellor of the Exchequer Carr said dissatisfiedly: "Prime Minister, can this issue be discussed later? Don't forget our current task. I am against any expansionary action until the country is straightened out."
Originally, the Austrian government's finances were very prosperous. In 1848, a large number of noble properties were confiscated, and a huge sum of money was extorted back in the Austro War.
Since the Russian-Austrian secret treaty, seeing the Russians' preparations for war, the Austrian government has judged that the pattern of the European continent is about to be broken. In order to deal with emergencies, these funds have become war reserves.
Then, the Ministry of Finance has to plan carefully and live within its means.
Not long ago, a dispute over the line broke out in the palace, and the result was not discussed. His Majesty the Emperor proposed to purge the official ranks to end the dispute.
Originally, the topic was to clean up the officialdom, but now it has been taken off topic again because of the news of Bavaria's foreign policy change.
There is no doubt that this is Prime Minister Felix's desire to get the cabinet to support his westward strategy. Unfortunately, everyone is very assertive and not everyone is interested in expansion.
Felix laughed and said, "Sorry, it's my fault! I've been thinking about the South German region lately, and I can't help but digress.
We also continue today's topic, on the specific plan to clean up officialdom. "