In the chaos of 1850, it passed so quietly and silently. This seemingly ordinary year has had a profound impact on Austria.
A large amount of foreign capital poured into Austria, driving the development of the domestic economy, and various factories have sprung up like mushrooms after a rain.
The most direct impact of economic growth is the increase in government revenue. Although many industries have given preferential treatment for tax reduction and exemption, the government has also received a large amount of tax revenue in the upstream and downstream links.
In 1850, the industrial and commercial tax revenue increased by 8% compared with 1849, which was more than 4 million dongs. It seems that this number is not large, but Franz is very satisfied.
This is just the beginning. When the tax holiday ends, it will be the explosive period of tax growth.
The benefits brought by the development of industry and commerce are obviously not limited to this, and the supporting industrial chain of enterprises also develops accordingly.
This is reflected in the production of raw materials, product sales, transportation, catering and entertainment and other industries, and it can be seen in the financial sense.
In 1850, Austria's economy grew by 18.7 percent, and the government's tax revenue increased by 9.4 percent.
This number is not high. After any country opens its market, it will usher in rapid economic growth, with examples of skyrocketing 30 to 40 percent.
However, in Europe in the same period, Austria's economic development speed is also considered to be unparalleled.
There is no doubt that the dividends brought by economic growth have been directly invested in the military, and have not been able to continue to be invested in reproduction.
Of course, Franz did not dare to invest in reproduction. If it weren't for the limited communication and traffic conditions in this era, the fiery economic growth in Austria would have been even faster.
Not that fast economic growth is necessarily a good thing. For a country, the most important thing is sustainable development, and the economy will soar in the short term, and if the market does not keep up, then excess production capacity cannot be avoided.
Overcapacity means that a large number of goods cannot be sold and will rot in the warehouse. Enterprises with deep pockets can also reduce production capacity for transformation, and enterprises with weak strength naturally have the only way to go bankrupt.
Businesses went bankrupt, the number of unemployed increased, and the purchasing power of the market continued to decline. The feedback came back again. Capitalists had to continue to cut production capacity and lay off employees. A vicious cycle began and the economic crisis broke out.
To some extent, this arms race has also prolonged the period of rapid economic growth in Austria. The military itself is a consumer group, and expanding the military is also expanding the consumer market.
The fastest growing railway in Austria is the railway. Construction began in 1849, and now there are as many as hundreds of tenders.
The annual growth of the railway is 265 kilometers. Don't get me wrong, this is not a railway that was built just now, but a railway that started construction in a few years and was completed in 1850.
The railway, which started in 1849, is still not seen by Mao even now, which is different from the railway. In highway construction, you can build a section of the road and pour a section of the road, but the railway is different. Unless a section of the road is completed, even if the track is laid, you will not dare to run the train
However, by 1852, it is estimated that some sections of the plain area will be open to traffic, and whether they will be put into operation in advance, this question is only known to the railway company itself.
The Austrian government will not ask this small question. These private railway operations are self-financing and have nothing to do with the government.
In order to encourage everyone to build railways, the Austrian government also announced a tax-free policy. From the establishment of the railway project, no railway operation tax will be levied in the next ten years.
If you want to make money, you can build the road ahead of time for operation. Delaying the construction period will make it difficult for your wallet.
Taking advantage of the hot railway environment, the Austrian government has packaged a large number of railway lines to private railway companies, and the demolition costs can be paid by the government. To drive.
As far as Franz knows, up to now, the Austrian government has coaxed and deceived, and the total mileage of railway routes sold out exceeds 40,000 kilometers.
God knows how many unfinished projects will be left in the end, anyway, the government will not lose money. Even if you take over the unfinished project later, it is cheaper than building it from scratch, right
Railway companies are also aware of these problems, but the hot market can deceive people's eyes, and Austria's economic growth has also deceived many people.
Coupled with the fueling of the financial consortium, it has fueled the ambitions of investors. Many speculators are thinking of waiting until the top to sell the stock and make a fortune.
If you want to raise the stock price, it is natural to make a beautiful report. If a railway company has only a few hundred kilometers of railways, no matter how you brag about it, it won't attract many people.
If there are thousands of kilometers, or even tens of thousands of kilometers of railways, then there is no need to brag, and someone will give you a blueprint for development.
Relying on railways to make money is only one aspect. After controlling the railway network in certain areas, even if you invest in other industries, you can use the transportation network in your hand to squeeze out your peers. A conceptual business empire has emerged.
In the most popular era of European railways, there may be four or five railways operated by different companies between the two cities, which will directly compete in the market.
The Austrian government is still prudent, at least not authorizing the same section of the road to different railway companies, which allows many people to see an opportunity.
Is there a more profitable business in the world than a "monopoly"? Even if it is a railway line with low economic value, once a market monopoly is formed, it will be a big profit!
Franz will not admit that he is using everyone's heart to fool capitalists to invest in railways. Monopoly operation is possible, which avoids the waste of resources caused by market competition. As long as it does not affect the development of the domestic economy, Franz does not mind the emergence of monopoly enterprises.
If the domestic economic development is affected due to the high freight rate, the person who makes the rules can also modify the rules, for example: the Price Bureau, the railway state...
The Austrian government will never tell investors about these discordant topics, otherwise how could the British consortium be fooled
The Americans have done things, and Franz doesn't mind imitating them once. No matter so much, let’s talk about the repair of the railway first. After the railway is repaired, it will be useless. Then you can consider the problem of turning your face.
In Franz's view, it is a good policy that the maximum profit of public facilities projects in Hong Kong in the past life should not exceed 15%.
If the Austrian government copied it, the people would be very supportive, right? As for the railway companies, 15% of the profits can also make their lives very nourishing.
When the investors will be able to recover the construction costs, this question does not know. Anyway, the investors in the front made a profit, and the pick-up man in the back has always been unlucky.
The development of railways has naturally stimulated the steel industry, and steel companies have expanded their production capacity one after another, preparing to get a share of the next feast.
In order to effectively integrate resources and enhance the competitiveness of enterprises, in March 1850, the Austrian Ministry of Industry ordered the merger of seven state-owned iron and steel enterprises into the Austrian Iron and Steel Group.
Austria's first giant steel enterprise with an annual output of 12,000 tons of raw steel and 184,000 tons of iron was born. After artistic processing, the annual output of steel is 200,000 tons, and the world's first steel group was born.
Whether it is really the world's No. 1 steel group, this question remains to be verified, but it is an indisputable fact that it is the No. 1 steel company in Austria. Half of the steel production capacity of the entire Austrian Empire is in this group.
In this era, the countries that produced more than 100,000 tons of steel in the world were only in single digits, and the countries that produced more than one million tons were the British.
If everyone hadn't stayed at this level, the Austrian media wouldn't dare to brag about this bullshit. Generally speaking, journalists in this era still have integrity.
After the merger, these steel mills have begun to divide their labor. According to the geographical location of each place, they will give full play to their own resource advantages to integrate production capacity.
To put it simply, according to the quality of the iron ore, if it is suitable for steelmaking, it will be used for steelmaking, and if it is suitable for ironmaking, it will be used for ironmaking.
The most important thing is to bring together the core technologies of several companies and use their respective strengths in industrial production. At the same time, a smelting technology research and development department was established to promote technological innovation.
According to the plan, the production capacity of the Austrian Steel Group will be increased to 240,000 tons in 1851, 320,000 tons in 1852, and 450,000 tons in 1853…
These plans are not random. They are completely formulated according to market needs. How to grab orders without expanding production capacity
The construction of the railway network in Austria is a big piece of fat, and relevant companies do not want to take a bite.
According to the calculation that one meter of railway uses 60 kilograms of steel, one kilometer needs to consume 60,000 kilograms of steel, which means that the Austrian railway network plan alone needs to consume more than two million tons of steel.
Such a good opportunity, if iron and steel enterprises do not expand production capacity, it will be in the water.
In order to support iron and steel enterprises, the Austrian government has decided not to take profits from this newly formed group in the next five years, and has also injected one million dongs in for technological innovation.
Not only steel companies, but many related industries are desperately expanding production capacity, and Franz is also making a fortune.
Don't look at the small things like sand and gravel. In fact, everyone who has done engineering knows that the profits of these inconspicuous things are not low at all.
Preliminary estimates show that more than 100,000 tons of sand and gravel aggregates are consumed per kilometer of the railway alone, and the amount of stone required for the thick layer of gravel above is even more astronomical.
The profit of any commodity increases, and these inconspicuous little things are actually no less profitable than the steel mills that produce railroad tracks.
It's just that most of the time, it is scattered in the hands of countless retail investors, and it looks inconspicuous. Franz just used his foresight to make an advance layout and conduct monopoly operations.
Of course, he would not admit to monopoly operations. If you don't believe it, you can check the contract between the railway company and the Austrian mining group, which can prove that the monopoly does exist.
It's just that people in the know won't say it, and the media won't report it.
External explanation: The Austrian Mining Group is just an agent. These mines are distributed under the names of dozens of companies. In order to avoid vicious competition, everyone united to set up a group to negotiate with the railway company.
That's right. That's the truth. In order to avoid being lowered by the railway company, everyone united. Didn't look at the last transaction price, is it almost the same as the market price
If it is a monopoly operation, it will definitely increase the price. Since there is no significant price increase, it is not a monopoly operation.
What is lying to make money, Franz finally felt in 1850. From this humble little business, he made an annual profit of 1.23 million rupiah.
This is just the beginning. With the advancement of railway construction, he will be able to lay down and make money for a long time in the future.
It is a pity that the construction of the railway is completed, and these wild sand and gravel mines have no market. If you want to make a lot of money, you can only wait for the construction of the road network. Judging from the current situation, there is no need to look forward to the next 30 to 40 years.