In the following time, Zhou Huaian began to rush to Nanhai County and other places where workshops and workshops gathered, and began to lay the foundation and start guidance for a new round of industrial layout and long-term planning.
In any case, only with the addition of collective production mode and relatively advanced agricultural technology, a large amount of agricultural and sideline products are gradually accumulated (especially after getting rid of the blood sucking from most of the rebel army unilaterally killing chickens and eggs), can it be possible to feed More non-agricultural population or correspondingly refined employees.
Not only for the labor force in the army or the factory, but also people's livelihood-related and service industry personnel in all walks of life and all walks of life are a healthy development of the social structure.
For Zhou Huai'an, based on the experience of later generations, the best soldiers are not farmers who can be seen everywhere, but an industry that has been nurtured and shaped by a certain environment, has a simple vocational education foundation, and has a natural collective concept and organization. worker.
According to his ideal state, these early industrial chemical workers and their related practitioners must be at least twice the size of the active military to be considered a reasonable and appropriate existence. But now in the land of Lingdong under his rule, the total number of people on the record in the workshops and mines is only a little over 40,000 or 50,000.
Only a few of them are skilled craftsmen with experience and craftsmanship. The others are just ordinary labor in the usual sense; and the specific production capacity can't even be compared to one of the "five small industries" that will be eliminated in later generations.
Therefore, his first consideration is the big step in ironmaking and steelmaking processes. At this time, the most popular techniques were the steel filling method, steel frying method, and hundred steelmaking techniques handed down during the Wei and Jin Dynasties. Although the quality was relatively high compared to the general level of the entire era, it was a time lapse to achieve the scale effect. , We can only use the personal experience and craft cycle of skilled craftsmen to slowly accumulate.
Therefore, this time Zhou Huai’an intends to skip the graphite crucible steelmaking method of local steelmaking directly, and go directly to the more cost-effective small blast furnace steelmaking, which is the kind of modern large steelmaking era, which is piled with kaolin refractory bricks. It becomes a relatively simple straight-tube smelting furnace; in addition to the one-time output of the furnace is thousands of jins, it can also effectively collect waste flue gas through ceramic pipes.
It is necessary to know that the most common pyrite/iron sulfide in this era releases sulfide (mainly iron disulfide) vapor under high temperature smelting, and after it is condensed through the pipe into the reaction tower of the ceramic liner on the side, it is called green by the ancients. The vanadium water contains more concentrated sulfuric acid with more impurities; then after precipitation, filtration and impurity adsorption, relatively pure sulfuric acid and fuming sulfuric acid can be obtained by further extraction.
And this original green vanadium water has also become the mother of the catalyst in the chemical industry; because it can also be used to directly replace saltpeter to obtain nitric acid; and replace it with crude salt (sodium chloride, potassium chloride) The reaction is to obtain the original hydrochloric acid (hydrochloric acid);
Then there is sodium carbonate called baking soda in later generations. This is the simplest way to directly burn dried seaweed into ash is a natural high-purity product; in fact, in the modern North Atlantic coast, a large number of people have been engaged in collecting seaweed burning ash for a long time. Occupation. In addition to the alkaloids in the north, there are also a large number of wild seaweeds along the coast of Guangfu.
It is even more suitable for some crystals that are directly distilled with plant ash solution, so sodium carbonate is also called soda ash; it can be used in flat glass, glass products and ceramic glaze additives.
Instead, the more troublesome is sodium hydroxide called caustic soda and caustic soda; but with batches of baking soda (sodium carbonate), the problem is not big. Use slaked lime (calcium hydroxide) and the filtered solution after the reaction of soda ash solution. The crystal after evaporation is ready-made caustic soda/sodium hydroxide. The use of caustic soda is even more extensive. It can be used in papermaking, soap, dye synthesis, cotton fabric treatment, coal tar product purification, and so on.
In addition, there is also an important related product-brine sand or ammonium chloride (inorganic salt), which is also a very common thing in this era. In "Tang Materia Medica", it is used as an auxiliary material for digesting accumulated food, reducing phlegm and relieving cough in Chinese medicine. Therefore, it is both a medicinal material and an adhesive for metal fusion welding.
Then it can react with green alum water at high temperature to obtain ammonium sulfate, which is the common nitrogen fertilizer (commonly known as fertilizer powder) in later generations; and anhydrous hydrogen chloride (concentrated hydrochloric acid); there is another compound branch here, which is to carry out with nitric acid. The reaction yields ammonium nitrate; this thing is terrific. In addition to flying into the sky, it is also the main ingredient and source of modern explosives between World War I and World War II.
In this way, three acids and two alkalis and some related chemical and industrial by-products will initially have the possibility of small-scale production, such as nitrocellulose propellant and nitro-explosive which are the future direction of the black powder technology tree.
Then there is a closed distillation tower transformed from a brick kiln, which is mainly used for high-temperature distillation and separation of high-quality white carbon mined from Annan. The key product required for steelmaking—coke, and coal tar at different temperature differences are by-products; among them, the first distilled out of the flow channel collector is the low-temperature coal tar, and the final product is evaporated and condensed through the ceramic pipeline. High temperature coal tar.
When the ammonia and carbon dioxide in the coke oven gas react in another collection tower, ammonium bicarbonate with more impurities can be produced, which is also the main raw material for food additives and fertilizer components.
On the basis of the waterwheel and water turret of this era, the improved hydraulic internal rotation ball mill can grind and process the cement raw materials before calcination. It can also be used to process and crush the accumulated struvite (natural organic phosphate fertilizer) mined from the island for further synthetic processing.
In this way, coupled with the original potassium carbonate obtained from plant ash, the basic categories of the fertilizer industry and related agricultural production and the branches of the science and technology tree will also be alive. Of course, with a sufficient number of catalysts, glass and cement are no longer dream castles in the sky.
You must know that starting from Egypt in the fourth millennium BC, ancient people would have burned glass balls that were not very pure with quartz sand. Quartz sand, soda ash, limestone, feldspar, etc. are crushed by a hydraulic ball mill, and then fired at a high temperature to obtain a relatively pure and transparent glass; then coated with mercury and tin film is a ready-made mirror, pour the molten tin floating in the mold Liquid cooling, you can get naturally smooth flat glass.
Cement is even simpler. The earliest primitive cement is a mixture of volcanic ash and lime, which is often found in Roman buildings; then there is clay and lime according to three to one, which is ground into fine modern cement after being calcined in a shaft kiln. ；
Although there is no ready-made volcanic ash for the Lingnan generation, the open-air iron bauxite used as refractory bricks and pottery glazes is everywhere in Heyuan and Longchuan where the pottery industry is developed. It is used to replace ordinary clay to make cement, and it has great advantages in high temperature resistance, anti-freeze cracking and resistance to acid and alkali corrosion.
The fast-drying and early-hardening cement, which is known to solidify below zero, is widely used in military engineering and emergency repairs during World War II. Then add appropriate amount of gypsum and coal powder to improve the adhesiveness and strength, and special cements for different purposes can be developed.
Of course, with the exception of a few directly produced raw materials, most of the other theoretical finished products produced in a laboratory environment are completely different from the cost and cycle of mass production in the construction of a factory; some need to explore and try to find the best. Steps and cycles of cost-effectiveness.
Moreover, compared with early effective production projects such as steel, cement, glass, etc.; the initial investment of these chemicals from scratch is still very large, and it is difficult to see direct results; only the final large-scale production and the formation of products and raw materials After the linkage effect between them, it will show a lot of additive effects that emphasize mutual productivity gains and profit ratios.
Therefore, during this period, Zhou Huaian had to learn from Dayu, who had never entered the house, either patrolling around or staying somewhere. The main reason is to avoid detours and to think about safety. Zhou Huai'an needs to teach and pass on hand-by-hand in every detail; even according to some experiences and examples of later generations, standardize the corresponding operation details and formulate rewards, punishments and compensation regulations;
Nevertheless, bloody accidents and accidents cannot be avoided; because even if he has the assistance of the auxiliary system in retrieval and data recording, there is still only one person after all. In most cases of empty theories, it is really impossible to cover everything. Details, or avoid the deviations and fallacies under the paper.
Because of invisible defects in the construction or minor negligence in the operation links, bursts and leaks caused burns, scalds, poisoning, and explosions, and dozens of people died and disabled, they were only in the pilot workshop. Sum up and sum up, a relatively reasonable and safe ratio and process operation flow.
But anyway, after having a ready-made system template and operating specifications, it will be much easier to extend it through the relevant new vocational education system.
Of course, as another collateral effect, bloody lessons and the worship and awe of unknowable mysticism have made these craftsmen extremely cautious and step-by-step to help extreme dogma, but also began to secretly raise some kind of For Zhou Huaian, the worship complex of "being born with knowledge" and "omnipotent" is something he never expected in the future.
Although the land of Lingnan is mountainous and hilly with many rivers, it is quite unfriendly to large-scale agricultural production. However, one thing is still good, that is, the relatively abundant water resources brought by the rivers that can be seen everywhere can be simply divided. The dam and closure of the section can use the terrain drop to cause the impact of the water flow, drive and provide the power required for the production of those larger-scale factories, and save and liberate more manpower from manual operations.
Therefore, the hydropower industry here also has quite broad room and potential for expansion, such as steelmaking and forging, textiles and printing and dyeing, pottery and mining, and most of the new power of factories and workshops; it can be said that the steam power of burning coal Before the invention, the small and medium-sized industrial production of hydraulic transmission was a part of the pre-industrial revolution.
But the prerequisite is to produce enough transmission components, so the main goal is to return to the iron smelter and wood workshop itself, the sudden increase in production tasks and processes; fortunately, it is now in the slack period of agriculture, and it is completely possible to organize paid A large amount of labor from the farming farms fills these places as alternate labor for overtime shifts.
In the midst of this busy schedule forgotten about the day, night and time, Zhou Huaian received the news that Chai Ping led the troops to lose in battle, which was more than a month later.
. . . . . . .
"Lingbiao thief, with the demon monk Yuanxuan as the first priority, good military strategy and can deceive people, officials, officials, nobles can not control.. To create strange and strange things, mountains and forests and waters will destroy everything.
"There is another white-headed thief under his subordinates. People call Chai Demon Head, violent and murderous, but the children stop crying... so that the monks can eat blood..."
"Lingbiao falls and perishes", Lianzhou Sima Yuwei. (End of this chapter)