The Late Ming Dynasty

Chapter 457: Borneo

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Zhu Youjian checked the urgent document that was about to be sent to Zheng Zhilong again, and was sure that there was no error. Then he packed it up. He wanted to thank Spex for giving himself and Borneo a brand new choice, a kind of him. A management system that is almost forgotten.

If the electoral system suddenly descends in the mainland of Daming, it will inevitably be fiercely opposed by Shilin. These elites of Daming are actually the privileged class of Daming. They are influenced by the sages, they are very conservative, anything new. Anything that is not recorded in the sage books and damages their privileged status, they will not hesitate to use deadly remonstrance to block these new things.

Borneo is far away from the core ruling area of Daming, and it is a newly regained land. Now its impact on Daming is extremely weak. It is basically out of the sight of Daming Shilin. Even Meng Yuan, who once established a super empire, still Failed to conquer Borneo, there is at most only their nominal possessions.

If an electoral system is implemented on Borneo, the island will inevitably create a political culture with merchants as the mainstream, and merchants will become the political elites on the island. Ordinary people have neither economic strength nor time and energy to participate in election activities. Conducive to improving the status of merchants on the island.

Scholars, farmers, businesses, and even businessmen can serve as governors, prefects, etc. The inequality divided by occupation will inevitably disappear in political life. Even if inequality still exists, it is also economic inequality. There are poor and rich people. This difference can be gradually eliminated through personal efforts.

The Dutch established a preliminary merchant culture on the island, which has laid the foundation for Ming.

Borneo will become Da Ming’s political experiment ground. Its impact on the entire Da Ming is weak and can be ignored. Even if the electoral system fails and the island’s economy is in recession, Zhu Youjian can accept it. Anyway, there is the big tree of Da Ming, a Borneo. Zhou will not become a barometer of Daming for the time being.

If the election system established on Borneo is successful, it means that the Han people are also suitable for the election system. It will provide Zhu Youjian and Da Ming with a new path for the development.

Let the farming society disintegrate and quickly establish a modern country. Just like the Meiji Restoration in Japan and the bourgeois revolution in Britain, Da Ming no longer relied on the huge size, but was known as a great power.

Zhu Youjian also considered that there are very few Han people on Borneo now, and they are unlikely to be independent from Ming Dynasty. The Han people on the island need the absolute support of Ming Dynasty, and Ming's navy and his later experience can just be Borneo. The upcoming electoral system of the continent is escorted.

Regarding the political system, Zhu Youjian has considered many times where Daming is heading, but there is no definite answer. In other words, he can't figure out what kind of system is most suitable for Daming. He only knows the current situation. The imperial power is absolutely not suitable for Da Ming. A cycle of hundreds of years cannot promote social progress at all. Politics of foolish people and a dead end, once it collides with the modern system of the West, Da Ming will be crushed.

So what kind of system is suitable for Daming? Is it a Western-style capitalist system

Zhu Youjian was still avoiding this question. It shouldn't be a question for him to consider based on a person's normal life value. At least he doesn't need to think about it now.

The choice of political system and social system must consider the culture, history, and current situation of the country. The process of exploring the social system is actually crossing the river by feeling the stones. No one knows whether the front is flat or a trap. It must be adjusted and revised continuously. Although Zhu Youjian has hundreds of years of experience in later generations, he cannot provide a permanent path for Daming.

According to Zhu Youjian's understanding, in the future political system, in addition to countries that are extremely backward or extremely rich in natural resources, there will still be monarchs in power. There are basically only three models in modern countries.

One is the electoral system represented by the United Kingdom and the United States.

Developed countries such as Japan, France, and Germany, as well as emerging developed countries such as South Korea and Brazil, basically implement this kind of political system. This is the most important system adopted by most countries in the world, although backward countries adopt this political system. After the establishment of a political system, the country did not embark on the road of development.

The advantage of this system is that every citizen is nominally the master of the country. They are proud of their nationality, so that the individuality of the citizens can be brought into full play, and the society is tolerant. Regardless of whether the country is developed or backward, the life of the citizens is Will not be depressed, because he can express his views at will, regardless of whether administrative officials listen to it or not.

However, this system also has its own shortcomings. Because each citizen has different opinions, personalities, needs, etc., and the country emphasizes the independence of individuality, it is difficult to find the common interests of the whole nation and the whole society. Although this model can Prevent the emergence of dictatorships, but the country’s major policies lack flexibility, and it is relatively slow to respond to hot changes at home and abroad, and it is easy to miss the best time to take measures in a quarrel.

Based on the experience of later generations, this model should be deeply rooted in the hearts of the people. After decades or even hundreds of years of brewing, the quality of the people has accumulated to a very high level. It is difficult to get into the hearts of the people, and it is easy to be kidnapped by some interest groups. , The country has brought major disasters.

The opposition between the "red shirts" and the "blue shirts" on the streets of Thailand has almost evolved into a nationwide ****. The farce of the "millions of people's anti-pianist movement" on the streets of Taiwan has become an international joke. Too many to mention.

Zhu Youjian has studied the successful countries of this model. The early explorers were all commercial cultures established on the basis of ancient Greek culture. The suitable soil is in Europe. As for other successful countries, such as South Korea and Brazil, they There are some things in common.

They are all regional powers, or are protected by superpowers. In the early days of establishing this model, they were rarely disturbed by the outside world. Moreover, the citizens of these countries are highly educated, and the citizens will basically not be reduced to interest groups. tool.

The second is the Soviet-Eastern system represented by the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe.

Many countries in Asia, Africa and Latin America also implemented this system. Before the reform and opening up of the central dynasty, this system was also implemented. In that special era, this system attracted a large number of countries to take the road of independence.

However, this system has been abandoned by most countries, which proves that this system can only be adapted to a special stage, especially when the oppressed nations are in the process of gaining independence. Once the country is on the right track of development, this model will definitely Obstructing social progress will at least slow down the speed of social progress.

The third is the system represented by the central dynasty.

This system gradually became known as the "central dynasty model." In fact, the earliest exploration and most successful implementation was Singapore on Temasek. It was just that the central dynasty had too much influence internationally and attracted more attention.

The advantage of this model is that there is a strong central government, the national political situation is stable, and the national policy has continuity. Because the elites are not concentrated in the business world, but in the political world, they can continuously purify their own leadership according to the international and domestic , Amend the country’s foreign and domestic policies, and even use the power of the country for the benefit of the country and the nation, that is, the nationwide system, such as Singapore’s sanitary environment, the central dynasty’s two bombs and one star, the construction of special zones, and the development of competitive sports.

However, the shortcomings of this model are also prominent. Since it is not a true party country and does not have a thorough electoral system, the change of leaders basically adopts the default method, paying more attention to the overall interests of the country, and individual political and interest demands are often Severely suppressed, social conflicts can hardly be resolved through the replacement of characters.

In such a society, although the country’s progress in science, culture, economy, and social security is faster than any other country, and the people can also get dividends from social progress, but due to the relatively repressive personal life, it is easy to breed opposition. As a result, it was used by hostile countries, such as the Prime Minister's dispute in Singapore, Hong Kong independence that once appeared in the central dynasty, ****, **** and so on.

Now Borneo, Dutch governor Spex wants it to maintain a relatively independent status, but Zhu Youjian decisively incorporates it into his own thinking according to Spex’s request, making it a political experimentation ground for Ming Dynasty, just like later generations. In the history of the reform, like the chief architect of reform, first let the people see the success of the reform, and then promote it across the country.

When the electoral system on Borneo is perfected, the education level of citizens in the core area of Ming Dynasty’s rule should be fundamentally improved, and this electoral system may be promoted throughout the country.

If this electoral system is truly implemented in Borneo, then Daming soldiers will be the first country in the world to adopt an electoral system, even though the electoral system is only an autonomous province in Daming.

The Dutch East India Company has adopted an electoral system, but it is a commercial company with a partially national nature. I don’t know the first-level government, let alone a country. Moreover, the top leader of the East India Company—the governor is still appointed. Executive leadership.

What kind of autonomous province is this new land in Daming called? It must not be called Borneo Province, let alone Kalimantan Province. It must be named in Chinese, and even the name of the island will be revised in the future.

Zhu Youzhen stared at the map, his eyes lit up suddenly, Pontianak, this is the place where the Han people are relatively concentrated, more than a hundred years later, two Han people named Chen Lanbo and Luo Fangbo established the "Lanfang Republic" here. It is a few years earlier than the United States of America. This is the first country in the world to implement elections and republics. The name of the country is taken from these two people.

The "Lanfang Republic" was annihilated by the Dutch because of its relatively small national power and insufficient support from the central dynasty.

Now Zhu Youjian is here, and he wants to change the history of this fast land.

The "Lanfang Republic" will no longer exist. It will only be an autonomous province of Ming Dynasty, and the name cannot use "Lanfang". Zhu Youjian cannot explain its origin. Chen Lanbo and Luo Fangbo should not have been born yet.

"Lanzhu", Zhu Youjian suddenly thought, plum, orchid, bamboo and chrysanthemum, which are recognized by the Han people as the four great gentlemen flowers, called Lanzhu Province, easily accepted by the scholars of the Ming Dynasty, and this is definitely a Chinese name. .

Zhu Youzhen was proud of his creative thinking, and suddenly felt a flash of people at the door.