Now there is not much economic layout in Tibet. The main reasons are transportation problems and geographical problems. It is really not suitable for the layout of industrial industries, and even the development of tourism is subject to many restrictions.
Of course, Zhao Yihe and the country will not let it go, but the conditions are not yet met. If we want to develop Tibet's economy, we must open up transportation exchanges between Tibet and the mainland.
The first phase of the Qinghai-Tibet Railway was actually opened to traffic in 1984, but the section is not long and has not yet extended to the core areas of Tibet. The second phase of the project that started construction in 2001 is now being intensively planned by the country.
If the traffic problem is solved, and other things aside, at least the tourism industry in Tibet will definitely develop vigorously, and the quality of life of residents will make a qualitative leap from the current level.
As for economic development, Zhao Yihe and the country mainly focus on energy. For example, the country may use Tibet's abundant water resources to build a large number of hydropower stations.
Zhao Yi, on the other hand, will let Xinhui Energy Company build a large number of photovoltaic power generation facilities in Tibet, but it is not yet time to implement it. At least it will not be considered until the construction of their photovoltaic power plant in Qinghai is completed.
The main reason for choosing Qinghai is that it has abundant light resources and its geographical location is acceptable. However, with the successful implementation of the Northwest Climate Transformation Plan in the future, Qinghai's light resources may decrease.
By then, building a photovoltaic power plant in Tibet will be an inevitable option, but when it will be built, even Zhao Yi is not particularly sure. Once the electricity is generated, it must be used to avoid excess power.
Zhao Yihe Xinhui Energy Company held its annual meeting. In addition to the construction of their photovoltaic power plants, the most important issue was how to consume the electricity.
You must know that by the end of this year, their planned photovoltaic farm construction plan will be basically completed, and the annual power output is expected to reach 7.2 trillion kilowatt-hours.
Although my country's economic development is indeed very fast, the annual growth rate of industrial electricity consumption is very considerable, the disposable income of residents has indeed been significantly improved, and the per capita electricity consumption of residents has also shown a significant increase trend.
However, judging from the current situation, such a huge amount of new power generation cannot be consumed anyway, and we must retain a certain amount of thermal power stations to avoid extreme weather, which will reduce the concentration of photovoltaic power generation and cause power shortages.
More importantly, in the urbanization projects built by China Housing Corporation, photovoltaic coatings will be used on urban buildings on a large scale. By then, urban residents will basically not need to purchase electricity from the State Grid, and will even sell electricity to the State Grid. .
By then, residents' electricity consumption will basically be solved on-site. The electricity generated now can only be used for industrial production, and industrial production is currently unable to consume such a huge amount of electricity.
This is also the reason why we need to vigorously develop new energy vehicles. If there are 500 million new energy vehicles in our country, assuming that the energy is cheap and the vehicles are used very frequently, the average mileage per vehicle per year is 20,000.
Then the electricity consumed in a year is only about 1.5 trillion kilowatt-hours, which is far from the electricity produced by the photovoltaic farm that is about to be completed. More importantly, it will not take more than one or two years to reach such a high car ownership. It can be completed.
Therefore, at the meeting, Liu Neng of Xinhui Energy Company had a serious discussion with Zhao Yi on this issue. If the incoming calls cannot be sold, it would be a waste and it would also reduce the income of Xinhui Energy Company.
This radical photovoltaic development plan was proposed by Zhao Yi, and he insisted on it. Now the problem was naturally thrown in front of him, and he had to give a clear direction.
In fact, the reason why he is so radical is that he has already thought of a specific use, which is to use the extra electricity to produce hydrogen. I believe everyone knows the technology of electrolyzing water to produce hydrogen.
In the previous life, our country was not only a major oil consumer, but also a major natural gas consumer. Although our country's oil and gas resources were good, the difficulty and cost of extraction were high, and most of them were purchased from outside.
If our country's economy wants to develop steadily, it is naturally as limited as possible by external conditions. If we can achieve self-sufficiency, we should try our best to achieve self-sufficiency.
Like their previous establishment of Tianxing Mining Company, the purpose is to increase the source of iron ore for our country and reduce our dependence on iron ore resources from other countries, so as to have pricing power.
The development of new energy vehicles and new energy to replace fossil energy industries is also to reduce my country's heavy dependence on oil resources. Although it will not completely eliminate imports, at least it will not be manipulated by others.
Now that it has reached this point, natural gas resources naturally need to be considered and will not be forgotten. Therefore, the production of hydrogen by electrolyzing water has become a major consumer of electricity.
Compared with the combustion of natural gas, which produces a large amount of greenhouse gases, the combustion of hydrogen produces water, which does not produce any environmental pollution and is more environmentally friendly than natural gas.
Of course, hydrogen is more flammable, explosive and dangerous than natural gas, but these are not problems and can be solved through technology, such as building more intelligent equipment on gas transmission pipelines to prevent gas leaks. explode.
Because my country's photovoltaic power generation is very cheap, green and environmentally friendly, and has the characteristics of rapid expansion of output, it is very suitable for producing hydrogen, which will be a huge industry.
Hydrogen not only replaces natural gas, but is also a very important reducing agent in the industrial field and has a wide range of industrial uses.
The maximum calorific value of one cubic meter of natural gas is 40 million joules, while that of one cubic meter of hydrogen is 12.87 million joules. The ratio of calorific value per cubic meter is 3.1 times.
Approximately 30 grams of hydrogen can be produced by electrolyzing water per kilowatt hour of electricity. That is to say, approximately 3 kilowatt hours of electricity are needed to produce 1 cubic meter of hydrogen. The average price of hydrogen per cubic meter is about 0.3 yuan.
This is calculated based on 0.1 yuan per kilowatt hour of electricity. In fact, after the photovoltaic power plant is completed, the household electricity price will be reduced to at least 0.05 yuan per kilowatt hour, so the cost of hydrogen per cubic meter is 0.15 yuan.
This cost is actually very low. Based on the daily per capita annual consumption of 100 cubic meters, a family of four consuming 400 cubic meters of hydrogen per year will cost 60 yuan. Even if calculated based on the door-to-door price of 0.2 yuan, it will cost 0.2 yuan per year. It only costs 80 yuan.
But even so, it is actually impossible to consume such a huge amount of excess power, and the current cost of thermal power generation is higher than the cost of photovoltaic power generation.
So in the end, they came to the conclusion that they should strengthen the construction of energy storage battery bases, expand the storage capacity of energy storage batteries, reduce the current scale of thermal power generation, and package thermal power plants for export to other countries.
The purpose of increasing the construction of energy storage batteries is to better cope with unstable short-term power supply caused by unexpected weather. The previous plan was to build a battery energy storage base that can store one day of photovoltaic power generation.
At present, the plan remains unchanged. After thermal power plants are gradually stopped generating electricity, the number of energy storage batteries will be gradually increased. The specific plan will be formulated by Xinhui Energy Company itself and does not need to be reported to him.
my country's annual hydrogen consumption is more than 400 billion cubic meters, including residential kitchens, heating and industrial use, so the annual electricity consumption is about 1.2 trillion degrees.
In this case, the annual electricity consumption is about 6.7 trillion kilowatt-hours, including power loss during the transmission process, which is not far from the annual power generation of 7.2 trillion kilowatt-hours.
However, it will not take one or two years to cultivate the field of new energy vehicles in our country, and the development of the hydrogen production industry also takes time. More importantly, the use of hydrogen in industry will require a longer period of replacement and replacement. groping.
So from this perspective, his plan is actually very radical. Fortunately, the construction of the photovoltaic farm of Xinhui Energy Company only took less than half a year, and only 20% of the planned total was completed.
This part of the power generation will basically be absorbed by the power demand for industrial development due to expansion of production. In other words, my country's total annual power consumption will reach at least 5 trillion kilowatt-hours next year.
As my country's steel plants will gradually use electric energy to replace traditional coal-fired power, the total annual electricity consumption will further increase and may exceed 6 trillion kilowatt-hours.
Now the electric steelmaking equipment developed by Tiangong Precision Instrument Company for steel companies is basically nearing completion, and may be used by domestic steelmaking companies this year.
Therefore, the first-phase power generation target of 7.2 trillion kilowatt-hours is actually relatively objective, but Zhao Yiyi emphasized to Xinhui Energy Company that it must grasp the construction progress and only need to meet domestic power demand.
At the same time, it is also necessary to actively communicate with major domestic companies to accelerate the pace of new energy substitution, and at the same time negotiate with the State Grid to gradually reduce domestic electricity prices. The final target household electricity price in the first phase should be around 0.05 yuan.
In this case, the average household electricity price will basically be directly reduced by two-thirds. We will strive to make the price of residential electricity and industrial electricity about the same, reduce the price of industrial electricity, and at the same time reduce industrial manufacturing costs.
In order to stimulate industrial, agricultural, commercial and residential electricity consumption, Zhao Yi asked Xinhui Energy Company to discuss with the State Grid to gradually reduce electricity bills starting this year and test the domestic electricity consumption situation.
Striving to achieve a balance between supply and demand is very difficult to grasp, because once everyone feels that using electricity is more profitable, they are likely to introduce electric-driven machinery and equipment without hesitation.
However, under normal circumstances, electricity prices that are reduced by half will not suddenly be raised. The electricity prices implemented in our country are not based on market trends, but are based on stability to avoid fluctuations in the development of the industrial economy.
Xinhui Energy Company must always pay attention to domestic electricity consumption and be ready to build new photovoltaic power plants at any time to maintain the balance between domestic electricity supply and demand.
Therefore, in addition to investing in the ongoing plan this year, Xinhui Energy Company also needs to examine the next step of photovoltaic farm construction issues in advance, select the location in advance, and make basic preparations.
However, Zhao Yi actually does not want the construction of photovoltaic power plants to be so concentrated. If he does so, his ability to avoid risks will be weak, so he still hopes that Xinhui Energy can find new photovoltaic power plants elsewhere.
As for where to compare facilities construction, whether to use the current relatively centralized construction method or to adopt a small-scale, multi-site model, he does not care and lets Xinhui Energy Company decide on its own.
After such a meeting, Zhao Yi's ideas diverged. Since photovoltaic coatings can be used on urban buildings to generate electricity, why can't photovoltaic power generation also be realized on the road surface.
In fact, the current photovoltaic coatings already have this basic condition, but the biggest problem on the road is how to prevent the passing vehicles from damaging the photovoltaic coating on the road.
Nowadays, the photovoltaic power plants built by Xinhui Energy Company will also have high transparency and wear-resistant coating on the photovoltaic coating layer. However, this coating is still slightly insufficient when used on roads.
Therefore, it is necessary to develop a highly transparent and super wear-resistant coating. Even if a large number of cars run on it, it will not cause much damage to the photovoltaic coating underneath the coating.
Moreover, such coatings can also increase the service life of the road surface and further reduce road maintenance costs. It has great implementation value at least on highways.
You must know that the highway is his investment. If he wants to rely on highway tolls to recover the cost, he does not know that it will have to wait until the Year of the Monkey and the Horse, because most highways are losing money.
If the domestic highway mileage is 150,000 kilometers, with an average of two-way six lanes and a width of about 22 meters, then the entire area is approximately 3.3 billion square meters.
Because the sunshine hours vary from place to place, and the cars running on the road block it, if we calculate it based on the daily power generation of 2 kilowatt hours per square meter, then the power generation per day is 6.6 billion kilowatt hours, which is 2.4 trillion kilowatt hours per year.
The more he thought about it, the more he thought he could give it a try, so he asked Xinhui Energy Company to do some experiments to see the effect. As for the super wear-resistant protective coating, he asked Cornerstone Materials Company to try and develop it.
Anyway, there is no need to be so anxious at the moment. The current photovoltaic power plants are enough to meet the current domestic energy consumption, so there is enough time to verify whether this road is feasible.
If it is really feasible, then since highways are spread all over the country, the risk will be much smaller, and nearby power supply can also be achieved, reducing the losses caused by power supply from the grid, and at the same time saving the cost of building the power grid.
The original intention of investing in highways was to meet the needs of domestic economic development. In addition, I did have money at the time, so I always needed a huge investment project to absorb funds.
At that time, we didn’t think much about tolling costs, but now that there are tens of thousands of kilometers of highways under construction, the profitability is really average. If we go by the current profitability, it is estimated that the cost will not be recovered in 50 years.
Of course, this is also related to the small number of cars now, but even in the previous life, the annual tolls on my country's highways were only 500 billion yuan, and converted to the current exchange rate, it was less than 200 billion yuan.
However, a lot of money needs to be spent on highway maintenance. The actual annual profit of 100 billion yuan is already very impressive.
If calculated based on the total mileage of 150,000 kilometers, the current average cost of highway construction per kilometer is about 20 million yuan, so the total construction cost is as high as 3 trillion yuan.
In fact, if the 3 trillion yuan is placed in the bank to collect interest, the annual profit can reach 100 billion yuan. From the income point of view, it is not a very good investment project.
Therefore, without affecting driving safety and without significantly increasing highway tolls, we should try to make more diversified attempts to increase sources of business income.
Photovoltaic power generation is a good attempt. In addition, the construction of fully automatic driving assistance systems on highways is also a commercial project. Others, such as the erection of billboards in key places, are also to further increase revenue sources.
Later, Zhao Yi also learned about Xinhui Energy Company’s overseas business. Xinhui Energy Company’s overseas business mainly focuses on the following aspects:
The first one is their smart electrification equipment, which is mainly used to build smart grids and household strong current line equipment. It is no wonder that the development of the Internet was slow before.
Now that fiber optic Internet and mobile Internet have come out, the basic conditions for building smart grids have been met. The previous set of grid construction ideas is a bit outdated.
In fact, this is indeed the case. The construction of large-scale smart grids in my country has fully demonstrated the strength of Xinhui Energy in this area, and it has also connected all the smart electrical equipment involved in the construction of smart grids.
Therefore, when Xinhui Energy Company promotes its smart grid equipment in countries around the world, many grid companies are very excited and have reached many cooperation projects.
This is not because those capitalists want to improve the quality of service. The most important thing is that smart grids can reduce the number of workers and also reduce the unreasonable loss of electric energy.
The simplest example is reading electricity meters. Traditional electricity meters need to be read at the door, which requires many meter readers. If a smart meter is installed, the data can be obtained directly in the background, and there is no need for manual meter reading at all.
Others, such as intelligent dispatching of electric energy, smart grid loads, etc., are much more advanced than the current power grid technology, and have obvious improvements in terms of management convenience and increased efficiency.
However, when it comes to overseas revenue, it is actually not a lot, only about 10 billion yuan. However, this is only the initial result. This data will definitely increase in the future. The annual power grid equipment market size is between 50 billion and 100 billion yuan. .
Although smart grid equipment has high technical content, it does not have monopoly attributes. If the price is too high and there is no profit to seize the market, other electrical giants will not be immune.
The second is the export of their power generation technology. Xinhui Energy Company's thermal power generation technology can be said to be the best in the world and has great market development potential.
As for nuclear power plant technology, since our first nuclear power plant has just been put into operation, even if we say that we are the most advanced, it will take time to verify it. This is not the focus of our export business for the time being.
The third one is their green energy business, mainly the high-efficiency silicon photovoltaic power generation equipment, wind power generation equipment, tidal power generation equipment and hydropower generation equipment they have developed before.
In these green energy fields, Xinhui Energy's technical level is at the forefront of the world and has great international market competitiveness. Especially in developed countries, the demand in this area is relatively strong.
As for the photovoltaic coatings they are using now, they have no plans to export them yet. At least they will not consider exporting them until my country is almost ready to build them.
This is not to say that we should be self-conscious. In fact, my country has a huge demand for photovoltaic coatings. Now it is difficult to just meet domestic demand, and it is impossible to export in a short time.
Moreover, foreign countries now have a high degree of recognition of silicon photovoltaic materials, and basically do not have much understanding of photovoltaic coatings. On the one hand, there is no practical application, and on the other hand, there is not too much publicity.
In fact, in the energy field like this, it is difficult to make big money, unless it is dug out of the soil. Like Xinhui Energy Company, it has become the world's top in almost everything, but its total export business has not exceeded 60 billion yuan. .
Unlike other industries, which can easily generate hundreds of billions of yuan in revenue, it is already quite remarkable that a company like Xinhui Energy can have such an export volume, at least much better than other peers.
After the meeting with Xinhui Energy Company, Zhao Yi called Yaoguang Environmental Management Company and handed over the electrolysis water hydrogen production business to them, asking them to find suitable water sources nearby in various cities and build hydrogen production plants.
They have already been operating the urban public basic service business, but they did not have a natural gas business before, and they could not develop this business if they wanted to.
In addition, our country's current urban facilities do not have natural gas pipelines. People across the country are still using gas tanks or briquettes for daily fuel, and have not yet reached the point of using natural gas pipeline networks to transport natural gas.
In view of the current backward development of urbanization infrastructure in our country, although this business is handed over to Yaoguang Environmental Management Company, it is still very difficult to really develop it.
In addition to the buildings with historical significance in the old city, most of the buildings will actually need to be demolished and rebuilt in the future, so building a gas pipeline now is not worth the gain.
Like the urbanization construction of China Housing Corporation, new cities have built a very complete underground pipe network. In the future, only robots or real people will need to enter the underground pipe network to complete maintenance work.
Unlike in the previous life, every slight change required digging and burying again and again. The originally good roads were always in disarray and caused great inconvenience to the local residents.
When China Housing Corporation completes the construction of the new city and moves the residents of the old city to live in the new city, the old city will need to be completely renovated. If the gas pipeline network is built now, it will still be demolished in the future.
Therefore, the current main purpose of Yaoguang Environmental Management Company is to build a trunk gas pipeline network throughout the country. As for the construction of urban gas pipeline networks, it can be pushed back a little.
And because hydrogen is more dangerous, if you want to transport it safely in pipelines, you need to carry out special research and development work to improve the safety of the transportation and use processes. (End of chapter)