Institute of Physics.
Lu Zhou: "..."
In this special case, the spectrum of M is allowed to be studied in more detail. At the same time, the field mass m is an isolated eigenvalue in the spectrum of M, and the corresponding eigenstates are the observed single particle states, and these states are an irreducible representation transformation of the Poincare group.
"liquor?"
Coupled with the estimation equation (1), it is proved that for any ε>0 and sufficiently small λ, there is a mass gap Δ that satisfies Δ>(√2-ε), and the whole problem has become clear... at least in Lu Zhou's view. in this way.
Luo Wenxuan sweated: "It's... not difficult."
You can't escape a Nobel Prize.
In the director's office, Lu Zhou and Senior Brother Luo stood side by side in front of a blackboard. They looked at the lines of calculations scrawled on the blackboard and remained silent for more than ten minutes without speaking in a tacit understanding.
"Assuming that the operator set ∏ satisfies ∏Ω and is dense in H, the existence of the mass gap depends on proving the following estimate... That is, for any constant C, satisfying C < √2, there exists a constant λ0 > 0, and depends on its calculation The constant B of sub-A (A∈∏), for any 0←λ←λ0, there is (AΩe^(-tH)·AΩ)←Be^(-tC), for 1←t... marked as formula (1)"
As for who can find the value of m, or even observe this particle with mass m...
Lu Zhou: "..."
Luo Wenxuan suddenly broke the silence.
"is it hard?"
Oh my god, I really don’t even have a chance to show off.
"Don't say that... Am I that kind of person?" After a dry cough, Luo Wenxuan touched his nose and stared at the blackboard and continued, "Okay, let's put the wine aside for now. Just now I suddenly remembered something. matter."
About five minutes passed.
[The simplest case of energy density with standard order is λφ^4+φ squared, where 0＜λ《1...]
"Then lie on whose arm and take a nap? Put the troublesome things aside for now?"
"Professor Lu, someone is looking for you outside the institute."
Considering that the single particle state is the eigenstate of the "mass" operator on Hilbert space, the corresponding eigenvalue is the mass of the particle. According to the special theory of relativity, under the unit system where the speed of light is 1, the mass M and the energy H and momentum P as exchange operators satisfy M square = H square - P square.
"This is my habit. Whenever I encounter a problem that I can't figure out, I will go find something to drink."
"Have you finished reading it?"
Luo Wenxuan suddenly broke the silence.
The researcher continued: "He claims to be the boss of Zhongshan New Materials, and his name seems to be Liu Wanshan."
"If I had proven all this, wouldn't I have won the Fields Medal long ago?"
"liquor?"
He stopped here and smiled sheepishly.
"It's nothing," Lu Zhou looked away and shook his head, "I just feel a little surprised."
"Can I go get some wine?"
Lu Zhou: "...Oh."
It took him a while to come back to his senses, and he forced himself to ignore the scriptures written on the blackboard. He gently knocked on the open door and said.
About five minutes passed.
After thinking for a while, Lu Zhou gave his own evaluation.
"is it hard?"
Just when the two fell into silence, a research assistant from the Institute of Physics walked in.
After comforting himself in his heart, Luo Wenxuan stopped interrupting, returned to the original topic, coughed lightly and continued.
"liquor?"
Upon hearing this, Luo Wenxuan was shocked and looked at Lu Zhou in disbelief.
Overall, this proof idea does have its ingenuity.
"...The field mass satisfies m=√(2+O(λ^3))"
who I am
"This is my habit. Whenever I encounter a problem that I can't figure out, I will go find something to drink."
Lu Zhou: "What did you think of?"
When writing this, Luo Wenxuan paused and looked back at Lu Zhou.
When writing this, Luo Wenxuan paused and looked back at Lu Zhou.
"Then lie on whose arm and take a nap? Put the troublesome things aside for now?"
Although this is a problem in quantum chromodynamics, it actually involves a complex mathematical proposition.
In this special case, the spectrum of M is allowed to be studied in more detail. At the same time, the field mass m is an isolated eigenvalue in the spectrum of M, and the corresponding eigenstates are the observed single particle states, and these states are an irreducible representation transformation of the Poincare group.
Luo Wenxuan suddenly broke the silence.
"Okay," Lu Zhou nodded, "Let's continue."
It took about five minutes for Luo Wenxuan to write down what he remembered on the blackboard, and then looked back at Lu Zhou.
After thinking for a while, Lu Zhou gave his own evaluation.
"Don't say that... Am I that kind of person?" After a dry cough, Luo Wenxuan touched his nose and stared at the blackboard and continued, "Okay, let's put the wine aside for now. Just now I suddenly remembered something. matter."
"Have you finished reading it?"
"...The field mass satisfies m=√(2+O(λ^3))"
Lu Zhou stared at the blackboard without turning his head and asked, "Who?"
Lu Zhou: "What did you think of?"
"A paper in "annals-of-mathematics", the 1974 edition... I can't remember exactly how many pages it was. Witten asked me to read it at the time." After recalling carefully for a while, Luo Wenxuan continued, "It mentioned One possible way."
It took about five minutes for Luo Wenxuan to write down what he remembered on the blackboard, and then looked back at Lu Zhou.
It took him a while to come back to his senses, and he forced himself to ignore the scriptures written on the blackboard. He gently knocked on the open door and said.
"is it hard?"
For example, Weinberg, who founded the unified theory of weak electricity, won the award in 1977 (and soon won the Nobel Prize two years later).
"This is my habit. Whenever I encounter a problem that I can't figure out, I will go find something to drink."
Considering that the single particle state is the eigenstate of the "mass" operator on Hilbert space, the corresponding eigenvalue is the mass of the particle. According to the special theory of relativity, under the unit system where the speed of light is 1, the mass M and the energy H and momentum P as exchange operators satisfy M square = H square - P square.
"A paper in "annals-of-mathematics", the 1974 edition... I can't remember exactly how many pages it was. Witten asked me to read it at the time." After recalling carefully for a while, Luo Wenxuan continued, "It mentioned One possible way."
"...The field mass satisfies m=√(2+O(λ^3))"
It took him a while to come back to his senses, and he forced himself to ignore the scriptures written on the blackboard. He gently knocked on the open door and said.
Just when the two fell into silence, a research assistant from the Institute of Physics walked in.
where am I
"Professor Lu, someone is looking for you outside the institute."
"annals-of-mathematics" is the annual journal of mathematics. As one of the four top journals, the articles above are still very authoritative.
"The asymptotic expansion of λ you mentioned is a method given in the document I mentioned. By constructing a linear operator E2 of asymptotic projection on H, the state in H is projected to less than two On the state of particle mass, it can be proved that there is an operator E2 whose value range is a space spanned by vectors of the shape Ω and e^(-sH)Ω. As for proving the existence of the particle with mass m... "
Institute of Physics.
Lu Zhou handed the chalk to his hand and made a gesture of invitation.
"Can I go get some wine?"
"Don't say that... Am I that kind of person?" After a dry cough, Luo Wenxuan touched his nose and stared at the blackboard and continued, "Okay, let's put the wine aside for now. Just now I suddenly remembered something. matter."
who I am
Luo Wenxuan didn't refuse. He stood in front of the blackboard and thought for a moment, then gently tossed the chalk in his hand, then stepped forward and wrote.
Well, compared to other "homework" assigned by Old Man Witten, this one is indeed relatively simple.
[The simplest case of energy density with standard order is λφ^4+φ squared, where 0＜λ《1...]
Luo Wenxuan: "..."
He stopped here and smiled sheepishly.
Lu Zhou: "...Oh."
Luo Wenxuan suddenly broke the silence.
Institute of Physics.
[The simplest case of energy density with standard order is λφ^4+φ squared, where 0＜λ《1...]
Lu Zhou handed the chalk to his hand and made a gesture of invitation.
In this special case, the spectrum of M is allowed to be studied in more detail. At the same time, the field mass m is an isolated eigenvalue in the spectrum of M, and the corresponding eigenstates are the observed single particle states, and these states are an irreducible representation transformation of the Poincare group.
who I am
who I am
"Professor Lu, someone is looking for you outside the institute."
"Professor Lu, someone is looking for you outside the institute."
When he saw the content on the blackboard, he was stunned for a while, and subconsciously doubted the more than ten years of his life that he had been associated with the subject of physics.
When writing this, Luo Wenxuan paused and looked back at Lu Zhou.
Luo Wenxuan sweated: "It's... not difficult."
Oh my god, I really don’t even have a chance to show off.
"is it hard?"
"Okay," Lu Zhou nodded, "Let's continue."
If we can prove the existence of this particle mathematically, we can win the Heinemann Prize in Mathematical Physics even if we don’t win the Fields Medal. Although the latter's status in academia is not as good as that of the Nobel Prize, and the prize money is only a measly five thousand US dollars, its reputation in the mathematical physics community is still quite high. Many big names engaged in theoretical physics research have won this award. .
About five minutes passed.
"The existence and uniqueness of this field have been proven. I can turn to that paper and show it to you."
Just when the two fell into silence, a research assistant from the Institute of Physics walked in.
The researcher continued: "He claims to be the boss of Zhongshan New Materials, and his name seems to be Liu Wanshan."
Overall, this proof idea does have its ingenuity.
"Then lie on whose arm and take a nap? Put the troublesome things aside for now?"
who I am
He stopped here and smiled sheepishly.
"Okay," Lu Zhou nodded, "Let's continue."
"Theoretically, this proof idea should be feasible, but there are still a few problems that need to be solved, such as that particle... or the existence of mass m cannot be determined, at least you have not given a proof here. There is also about m= The asymptotic expansion of λ in √(2+O(λ^3)) is also not given here."
Lu Zhou: "...Oh."
Luo Wenxuan turned around and continued to write on the blackboard while talking.
where am I
"Don't say that... Am I that kind of person?" After a dry cough, Luo Wenxuan touched his nose and stared at the blackboard and continued, "Okay, let's put the wine aside for now. Just now I suddenly remembered something. matter."
Well, compared to other "homework" assigned by Old Man Witten, this one is indeed relatively simple.
After comforting himself in his heart, Luo Wenxuan stopped interrupting, returned to the original topic, coughed lightly and continued.
"...The field mass satisfies m=√(2+O(λ^3))"
Luo Wenxuan didn't refuse. He stood in front of the blackboard and thought for a moment, then gently tossed the chalk in his hand, then stepped forward and wrote.
If we can prove the existence of this particle mathematically, we can win the Heinemann Prize in Mathematical Physics even if we don’t win the Fields Medal. Although the latter's status in academia is not as good as that of the Nobel Prize, and the prize money is only a measly five thousand US dollars, its reputation in the mathematical physics community is still quite high. Many big names engaged in theoretical physics research have won this award. .
What is written on this blackboard
"Assuming that the operator set ∏ satisfies ∏Ω and is dense in H, the existence of the mass gap depends on proving the following estimate... That is, for any constant C, satisfying C < √2, there exists a constant λ0 > 0, and depends on its calculation The constant B of sub-A (A∈∏), for any 0←λ←λ0, there is (AΩe^(-tH)·AΩ)←Be^(-tC), for 1←t... marked as formula (1)"
When he saw the content on the blackboard, he was stunned for a while, and subconsciously doubted the more than ten years of his life that he had been associated with the subject of physics.
Lu Zhou: "What did you think of?"
In order to understand this thing, it only took him four or five days at most...
"The asymptotic expansion of λ you mentioned is a method given in the document I mentioned. By constructing a linear operator E2 of asymptotic projection on H, the state in H is projected to less than two On the state of particle mass, it can be proved that there is an operator E2 whose value range is a space spanned by vectors of the shape Ω and e^(-sH)Ω. As for proving the existence of the particle with mass m... "
Institute of Physics.
"Can I go get some wine?"
It took about five minutes for Luo Wenxuan to write down what he remembered on the blackboard, and then looked back at Lu Zhou.
Just when the two fell into silence, a research assistant from the Institute of Physics walked in.
It took about five minutes for Luo Wenxuan to write down what he remembered on the blackboard, and then looked back at Lu Zhou.
Lu Zhou stared at the blackboard without turning his head and asked, "Who?"
"If I had proven all this, wouldn't I have won the Fields Medal long ago?"
This made so much sense that he didn't even know how to complain.
Lu Zhou: "...Oh."
"If I had proven all this, wouldn't I have won the Fields Medal long ago?"
"That's basically it. I'm not sure if I've missed anything. I'll dig out the document when I get back and have a look... Uh, why are you looking at me like that?"
"That's basically it. I'm not sure if I've missed anything. I'll dig out the document when I get back and have a look... Uh, why are you looking at me like that?"
Lu Zhou: "What did you think of?"
"...The field mass satisfies m=√(2+O(λ^3))"
"is it hard?"
After comforting himself in his heart, Luo Wenxuan stopped interrupting, returned to the original topic, coughed lightly and continued.
When writing this, Luo Wenxuan paused and looked back at Lu Zhou.
"...The field mass satisfies m=√(2+O(λ^3))"
Coupled with the estimation equation (1), it is proved that for any ε>0 and sufficiently small λ, there is a mass gap Δ that satisfies Δ>(√2-ε), and the whole problem has become clear... at least in Lu Zhou's view. in this way.
"It's nothing," Lu Zhou looked away and shook his head, "I just feel a little surprised."
In the director's office, Lu Zhou and Senior Brother Luo stood side by side in front of a blackboard. They looked at the lines of calculations scrawled on the blackboard and remained silent for more than ten minutes without speaking in a tacit understanding.
where am I
Luo Wenxuan coughed lightly and reminded: "I graduated from Witten after all."
Lu Zhou stared at the blackboard without turning his head and asked, "Who?"
"Don't say that... Am I that kind of person?" After a dry cough, Luo Wenxuan touched his nose and stared at the blackboard and continued, "Okay, let's put the wine aside for now. Just now I suddenly remembered something. matter."
"If I had proven all this, wouldn't I have won the Fields Medal long ago?"
"The existence and uniqueness of this field have been proven. I can turn to that paper and show it to you."
It took about five minutes for Luo Wenxuan to write down what he remembered on the blackboard, and then looked back at Lu Zhou.
Lu Zhou: "...Oh."
"Okay," Lu Zhou nodded, "Let's continue."
After thinking for a while, Lu Zhou gave his own evaluation.
Luo Wenxuan coughed lightly and reminded: "I graduated from Witten after all."
"Then lie on whose arm and take a nap? Put the troublesome things aside for now?"
After thinking for a while, Lu Zhou gave his own evaluation.
Institute of Physics.
Luo Wenxuan: "..."
In the director's office, Lu Zhou and Senior Brother Luo stood side by side in front of a blackboard. They looked at the lines of calculations scrawled on the blackboard and remained silent for more than ten minutes without speaking in a tacit understanding.
For example, Weinberg, who founded the unified theory of weak electricity, won the award in 1977 (and soon won the Nobel Prize two years later).
"Then lie on whose arm and take a nap? Put the troublesome things aside for now?"
As for who can find the value of m, or even observe this particle with mass m...
Oh my god, I really don’t even have a chance to show off.
After comforting himself in his heart, Luo Wenxuan stopped interrupting, returned to the original topic, coughed lightly and continued.
"Okay," Lu Zhou nodded, "Let's continue."
"is it hard?"
Lu Zhou handed the chalk to his hand and made a gesture of invitation.
"Have you finished reading it?"
Ignoring those unimportant matters for the time being, Lu Zhou stared at the calculations on the blackboard for about a minute.
Lu Zhou handed the chalk to his hand and made a gesture of invitation.
"Have you finished reading it?"
Lu Zhou handed the chalk to his hand and made a gesture of invitation.
Lu Zhou stared at the blackboard without turning his head and asked, "Who?"
For example, Weinberg, who founded the unified theory of weak electricity, won the award in 1977 (and soon won the Nobel Prize two years later).
It took him a while to come back to his senses, and he forced himself to ignore the scriptures written on the blackboard. He gently knocked on the open door and said.
For example, Weinberg, who founded the unified theory of weak electricity, won the award in 1977 (and soon won the Nobel Prize two years later).
Overall, this proof idea does have its ingenuity.
Oh my god, I really don’t even have a chance to show off.
Coupled with the estimation equation (1), it is proved that for any ε>0 and sufficiently small λ, there is a mass gap Δ that satisfies Δ>(√2-ε), and the whole problem has become clear... at least in Lu Zhou's view. in this way.
"If I had proven all this, wouldn't I have won the Fields Medal long ago?"
"Can I go get some wine?"
Lu Zhou stared at the blackboard without turning his head and asked, "Who?"
The researcher continued: "He claims to be the boss of Zhongshan New Materials, and his name seems to be Liu Wanshan."
Lu Zhou: "What did you think of?"
It took about five minutes for Luo Wenxuan to write down what he remembered on the blackboard, and then looked back at Lu Zhou.
Considering that the single particle state is the eigenstate of the "mass" operator on Hilbert space, the corresponding eigenvalue is the mass of the particle. According to the special theory of relativity, under the unit system where the speed of light is 1, the mass M and the energy H and momentum P as exchange operators satisfy M square = H square - P square.
"...The field mass satisfies m=√(2+O(λ^3))"
[The simplest case of energy density with standard order is λφ^4+φ squared, where 0＜λ《1...]
In this special case, the spectrum of M is allowed to be studied in more detail. At the same time, the field mass m is an isolated eigenvalue in the spectrum of M, and the corresponding eigenstates are the observed single particle states, and these states are an irreducible representation transformation of the Poincare group.
When writing this, Luo Wenxuan paused and looked back at Lu Zhou.
When writing this, Luo Wenxuan paused and looked back at Lu Zhou.
Coupled with the estimation equation (1), it is proved that for any ε>0 and sufficiently small λ, there is a mass gap Δ that satisfies Δ>(√2-ε), and the whole problem has become clear... at least in Lu Zhou's view. in this way.
If we can prove the existence of this particle mathematically, we can win the Heinemann Prize in Mathematical Physics even if we don’t win the Fields Medal. Although the latter's status in academia is not as good as that of the Nobel Prize, and the prize money is only a measly five thousand US dollars, its reputation in the mathematical physics community is still quite high. Many big names engaged in theoretical physics research have won this award. .
Lu Zhou: "..."
As for who can find the value of m, or even observe this particle with mass m...
"Have you finished reading it?"
Although this is a problem in quantum chromodynamics, it actually involves a complex mathematical proposition.
Upon hearing this, Luo Wenxuan was shocked and looked at Lu Zhou in disbelief.
Institute of Physics.
Luo Wenxuan: "..."
After thinking for a while, Lu Zhou gave his own evaluation.
It took about five minutes for Luo Wenxuan to write down what he remembered on the blackboard, and then looked back at Lu Zhou.
Well, compared to other "homework" assigned by Old Man Witten, this one is indeed relatively simple.
In this special case, the spectrum of M is allowed to be studied in more detail. At the same time, the field mass m is an isolated eigenvalue in the spectrum of M, and the corresponding eigenstates are the observed single particle states, and these states are an irreducible representation transformation of the Poincare group.
Seeing the surprised expression on his face, Lu Zhou was slightly stunned and asked a question.
"...The field mass satisfies m=√(2+O(λ^3))"
Considering that the single particle state is the eigenstate of the "mass" operator on Hilbert space, the corresponding eigenvalue is the mass of the particle. According to the special theory of relativity, under the unit system where the speed of light is 1, the mass M and the energy H and momentum P as exchange operators satisfy M square = H square - P square.
"A paper in "annals-of-mathematics", the 1974 edition... I can't remember exactly how many pages it was. Witten asked me to read it at the time." After recalling carefully for a while, Luo Wenxuan continued, "It mentioned One possible way."
"Theoretically, this proof idea should be feasible, but there are still a few problems that need to be solved, such as that particle... or the existence of mass m cannot be determined, at least you have not given a proof here. There is also about m= The asymptotic expansion of λ in √(2+O(λ^3)) is also not given here."
"That's basically it. I'm not sure if I've missed anything. I'll dig out the document when I get back and have a look... Uh, why are you looking at me like that?"
It took him a while to come back to his senses, and he forced himself to ignore the scriptures written on the blackboard. He gently knocked on the open door and said.
Upon hearing this, Luo Wenxuan was shocked and looked at Lu Zhou in disbelief.
Just when the two fell into silence, a research assistant from the Institute of Physics walked in.
It took him a while to come back to his senses, and he forced himself to ignore the scriptures written on the blackboard. He gently knocked on the open door and said.
"Have you finished reading it?"
"is it hard?"
"annals-of-mathematics" is the annual journal of mathematics. As one of the four top journals, the articles above are still very authoritative.
"...The field mass satisfies m=√(2+O(λ^3))"
After comforting himself in his heart, Luo Wenxuan stopped interrupting, returned to the original topic, coughed lightly and continued.
Luo Wenxuan sweated: "It's... not difficult."
Luo Wenxuan didn't refuse. He stood in front of the blackboard and thought for a moment, then gently tossed the chalk in his hand, then stepped forward and wrote.
Seeing the surprised expression on his face, Lu Zhou was slightly stunned and asked a question.
When writing this, Luo Wenxuan paused and looked back at Lu Zhou.
For example, Weinberg, who founded the unified theory of weak electricity, won the award in 1977 (and soon won the Nobel Prize two years later).
"is it hard?"
Luo Wenxuan didn't refuse. He stood in front of the blackboard and thought for a moment, then gently tossed the chalk in his hand, then stepped forward and wrote.
Seeing the surprised expression on his face, Lu Zhou was slightly stunned and asked a question.
Overall, this proof idea does have its ingenuity.
"is it hard?"
After thinking for a while, Lu Zhou gave his own evaluation.
Luo Wenxuan sweated: "It's... not difficult."
When writing this, Luo Wenxuan paused and looked back at Lu Zhou.
"Have you finished reading it?"
[The simplest case of energy density with standard order is λφ^4+φ squared, where 0＜λ《1...]
If we can prove the existence of this particle mathematically, we can win the Heinemann Prize in Mathematical Physics even if we don’t win the Fields Medal. Although the latter's status in academia is not as good as that of the Nobel Prize, and the prize money is only a measly five thousand US dollars, its reputation in the mathematical physics community is still quite high. Many big names engaged in theoretical physics research have won this award. .
"liquor?"
Luo Wenxuan coughed lightly and reminded: "I graduated from Witten after all."
You can't escape a Nobel Prize.
In order to understand this thing, it only took him four or five days at most...
Although this is a problem in quantum chromodynamics, it actually involves a complex mathematical proposition.
Lu Zhou handed the chalk to his hand and made a gesture of invitation.
Well, compared to other "homework" assigned by Old Man Witten, this one is indeed relatively simple.
When he saw the content on the blackboard, he was stunned for a while, and subconsciously doubted the more than ten years of his life that he had been associated with the subject of physics.
"Then lie on whose arm and take a nap? Put the troublesome things aside for now?"
He stopped here and smiled sheepishly.
In order to understand this thing, it only took him four or five days at most...
Considering that the single particle state is the eigenstate of the "mass" operator on Hilbert space, the corresponding eigenvalue is the mass of the particle. According to the special theory of relativity, under the unit system where the speed of light is 1, the mass M and the energy H and momentum P as exchange operators satisfy M square = H square - P square.
After comforting himself in his heart, Luo Wenxuan stopped interrupting, returned to the original topic, coughed lightly and continued.
You can't escape a Nobel Prize.
"Can I go get some wine?"
If we can prove the existence of this particle mathematically, we can win the Heinemann Prize in Mathematical Physics even if we don’t win the Fields Medal. Although the latter's status in academia is not as good as that of the Nobel Prize, and the prize money is only a measly five thousand US dollars, its reputation in the mathematical physics community is still quite high. Many big names engaged in theoretical physics research have won this award. .
Luo Wenxuan coughed lightly and reminded: "I graduated from Witten after all."
where am I
Luo Wenxuan coughed lightly and reminded: "I graduated from Witten after all."
"The asymptotic expansion of λ you mentioned is a method given in the document I mentioned. By constructing a linear operator E2 of asymptotic projection on H, the state in H is projected to less than two On the state of particle mass, it can be proved that there is an operator E2 whose value range is a space spanned by vectors of the shape Ω and e^(-sH)Ω. As for proving the existence of the particle with mass m... "
"This is my habit. Whenever I encounter a problem that I can't figure out, I will go find something to drink."
Lu Zhou: "What did you think of?"
Although this is a problem in quantum chromodynamics, it actually involves a complex mathematical proposition.
When writing this, Luo Wenxuan paused and looked back at Lu Zhou.
He stopped here and smiled sheepishly.
In this special case, the spectrum of M is allowed to be studied in more detail. At the same time, the field mass m is an isolated eigenvalue in the spectrum of M, and the corresponding eigenstates are the observed single particle states, and these states are an irreducible representation transformation of the Poincare group.
Luo Wenxuan sweated: "It's... not difficult."
Institute of Physics.
He stopped here and smiled sheepishly.
Overall, this proof idea does have its ingenuity.
"If I had proven all this, wouldn't I have won the Fields Medal long ago?"
When he saw the content on the blackboard, he was stunned for a while, and subconsciously doubted the more than ten years of his life that he had been associated with the subject of physics.
In this special case, the spectrum of M is allowed to be studied in more detail. At the same time, the field mass m is an isolated eigenvalue in the spectrum of M, and the corresponding eigenstates are the observed single particle states, and these states are an irreducible representation transformation of the Poincare group.
Lu Zhou: "..."
This made so much sense that he didn't even know how to complain.
"Okay," Lu Zhou nodded, "Let's continue."
Lu Zhou: "...Oh."
If we can prove the existence of this particle mathematically, we can win the Heinemann Prize in Mathematical Physics even if we don’t win the Fields Medal. Although the latter's status in academia is not as good as that of the Nobel Prize, and the prize money is only a measly five thousand US dollars, its reputation in the mathematical physics community is still quite high. Many big names engaged in theoretical physics research have won this award. .
"This is my habit. Whenever I encounter a problem that I can't figure out, I will go find something to drink."
What is written on this blackboard
As for who can find the value of m, or even observe this particle with mass m...
This made so much sense that he didn't even know how to complain.
"Can I go get some wine?"
Luo Wenxuan sweated: "It's... not difficult."
When he saw the content on the blackboard, he was stunned for a while, and subconsciously doubted the more than ten years of his life that he had been associated with the subject of physics.
Although this is a problem in quantum chromodynamics, it actually involves a complex mathematical proposition.
where am I
You can't escape a Nobel Prize.
If we can prove the existence of this particle mathematically, we can win the Heinemann Prize in Mathematical Physics even if we don’t win the Fields Medal. Although the latter's status in academia is not as good as that of the Nobel Prize, and the prize money is only a measly five thousand US dollars, its reputation in the mathematical physics community is still quite high. Many big names engaged in theoretical physics research have won this award. .
"Have you finished reading it?"
If we can prove the existence of this particle mathematically, we can win the Heinemann Prize in Mathematical Physics even if we don’t win the Fields Medal. Although the latter's status in academia is not as good as that of the Nobel Prize, and the prize money is only a measly five thousand US dollars, its reputation in the mathematical physics community is still quite high. Many big names engaged in theoretical physics research have won this award. .
"Assuming that the operator set ∏ satisfies ∏Ω and is dense in H, the existence of the mass gap depends on proving the following estimate... That is, for any constant C, satisfying C < √2, there exists a constant λ0 > 0, and depends on its calculation The constant B of sub-A (A∈∏), for any 0←λ←λ0, there is (AΩe^(-tH)·AΩ)←Be^(-tC), for 1←t... marked as formula (1)"
"is it hard?"
Lu Zhou: "..."
For example, Weinberg, who founded the unified theory of weak electricity, won the award in 1977 (and soon won the Nobel Prize two years later).
[The simplest case of energy density with standard order is λφ^4+φ squared, where 0＜λ《1...]
"Theoretically, this proof idea should be feasible, but there are still a few problems that need to be solved, such as that particle... or the existence of mass m cannot be determined, at least you have not given a proof here. There is also about m= The asymptotic expansion of λ in √(2+O(λ^3)) is also not given here."
"liquor?"
As for who can find the value of m, or even observe this particle with mass m...
For example, Weinberg, who founded the unified theory of weak electricity, won the award in 1977 (and soon won the Nobel Prize two years later).
He stopped here and smiled sheepishly.
You can't escape a Nobel Prize.
"is it hard?"
Luo Wenxuan coughed lightly and reminded: "I graduated from Witten after all."
"Then lie on whose arm and take a nap? Put the troublesome things aside for now?"
Luo Wenxuan: "..."
It took about five minutes for Luo Wenxuan to write down what he remembered on the blackboard, and then looked back at Lu Zhou.
Luo Wenxuan sweated: "It's... not difficult."
Just when the two fell into silence, a research assistant from the Institute of Physics walked in.
Considering that the single particle state is the eigenstate of the "mass" operator on Hilbert space, the corresponding eigenvalue is the mass of the particle. According to the special theory of relativity, under the unit system where the speed of light is 1, the mass M and the energy H and momentum P as exchange operators satisfy M square = H square - P square.
Luo Wenxuan coughed lightly and reminded: "I graduated from Witten after all."
Lu Zhou: "...Oh."
Just when the two fell into silence, a research assistant from the Institute of Physics walked in.
Just when the two fell into silence, a research assistant from the Institute of Physics walked in.
When he saw the content on the blackboard, he was stunned for a while, and subconsciously doubted the more than ten years of his life that he had been associated with the subject of physics.
"Theoretically, this proof idea should be feasible, but there are still a few problems that need to be solved, such as that particle... or the existence of mass m cannot be determined, at least you have not given a proof here. There is also about m= The asymptotic expansion of λ in √(2+O(λ^3)) is also not given here."
Luo Wenxuan: "..."
"A paper in "annals-of-mathematics", the 1974 edition... I can't remember exactly how many pages it was. Witten asked me to read it at the time." After recalling carefully for a while, Luo Wenxuan continued, "It mentioned One possible way."
"Have you finished reading it?"
who I am
In order to understand this thing, it only took him four or five days at most...
When writing this, Luo Wenxuan paused and looked back at Lu Zhou.
"liquor?"
Coupled with the estimation equation (1), it is proved that for any ε>0 and sufficiently small λ, there is a mass gap Δ that satisfies Δ>(√2-ε), and the whole problem has become clear... at least in Lu Zhou's view. in this way.
Lu Zhou: "...Oh."
Lu Zhou: "..."
where am I
If we can prove the existence of this particle mathematically, we can win the Heinemann Prize in Mathematical Physics even if we don’t win the Fields Medal. Although the latter's status in academia is not as good as that of the Nobel Prize, and the prize money is only a measly five thousand US dollars, its reputation in the mathematical physics community is still quite high. Many big names engaged in theoretical physics research have won this award. .
Ignoring those unimportant matters for the time being, Lu Zhou stared at the calculations on the blackboard for about a minute.
You can't escape a Nobel Prize.
What is written on this blackboard
Lu Zhou: "..."
Luo Wenxuan sweated: "It's... not difficult."
Luo Wenxuan didn't refuse. He stood in front of the blackboard and thought for a moment, then gently tossed the chalk in his hand, then stepped forward and wrote.
Overall, this proof idea does have its ingenuity.
After comforting himself in his heart, Luo Wenxuan stopped interrupting, returned to the original topic, coughed lightly and continued.
When writing this, Luo Wenxuan paused and looked back at Lu Zhou.
It took him a while to come back to his senses, and he forced himself to ignore the scriptures written on the blackboard. He gently knocked on the open door and said.
It took him a while to come back to his senses, and he forced himself to ignore the scriptures written on the blackboard. He gently knocked on the open door and said.
Ignoring those unimportant matters for the time being, Lu Zhou stared at the calculations on the blackboard for about a minute.
"Professor Lu, someone is looking for you outside the institute."
"It's nothing," Lu Zhou looked away and shook his head, "I just feel a little surprised."
"Assuming that the operator set ∏ satisfies ∏Ω and is dense in H, the existence of the mass gap depends on proving the following estimate... That is, for any constant C, satisfying C < √2, there exists a constant λ0 > 0, and depends on its calculation The constant B of sub-A (A∈∏), for any 0←λ←λ0, there is (AΩe^(-tH)·AΩ)←Be^(-tC), for 1←t... marked as formula (1)"
Lu Zhou stared at the blackboard without turning his head and asked, "Who?"
Luo Wenxuan: "..."
"is it hard?"
The researcher continued: "He claims to be the boss of Zhongshan New Materials, and his name seems to be Liu Wanshan."
For example, Weinberg, who founded the unified theory of weak electricity, won the award in 1977 (and soon won the Nobel Prize two years later).
It took him a while to come back to his senses, and he forced himself to ignore the scriptures written on the blackboard. He gently knocked on the open door and said.
Luo Wenxuan sweated: "It's... not difficult."
This made so much sense that he didn't even know how to complain.